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Técnicas de reforço em edifícios de alvenaria

Authors: Cunha, Sérgio André Diz;

Técnicas de reforço em edifícios de alvenaria

Abstract

O conhecimento das propriedades mecânicas das construções tradicionais em alvenaria de pedra é ainda muito limitado, quando comparado com as construções em betão armado. Muitos dos edifícios baseados nesta técnica construtiva foram edificados numa altura em que as construções não eram regidas por normas e códigos que visassem a sua segurança face à ação sísmica. Sendo o arquipélago dos Açores uma zona de intensa atividade sísmica, com um parque habitacional constituído maioritariamente por edifícios tradicionais em alvenaria de pedra, surgiu o interesse em estudar algumas técnicas de reforço que foram amplamente usadas após o sismo de 9 de Julho de 1998, que afetou gravemente as ilhas do Faial e do Pico. Desta forma, procurou-se analisar o caso concreto de estruturas reais com diferentes características geométricas e físicas, comparando o desempenho face à ação sísmica das estruturas reforçadas e não reforçadas. Foram abordados 6 casos de estudo, procedendo-se à sua modelação numérica por intermédio da ferramenta informática SAP2000, baseada no método dos elementos finitos. Para cada edifício foram estudados os mesmos cenários de reforço, por meio de análises dinâmicas lineares, perfazendo um total de 6 situações distintas por habitação. A análise do desempenho obtido em cada situação, face ao custo de aplicação da técnica de reforço, permitiu retirar conclusões e perceber qual a estratégia de reforço a adotar consoante a tipologia do edifício em questão.

The knowledge of the mechanical properties of traditional stone masonry is still very limited when compared to reinforced concrete buildings. Many of the buildings based on this constructive method were built in a period without standards and regulations made to assure the safety of buildings to human lives when submitted to seismic activity. The Azores archipelago is a zone with intensive seismic activity and with houses constructed mainly in traditional stone masonry. Therefore, the interest in studying some of the reinforcement techniques generally used after the 9th of July of 1998 earthquake, which severely affected the Faial and Pico islands, emerged. Thus, it was sought to analyze the case of real structures with different geometrical and physical characteristics, by establishing a comparison between the seismic performance of reinforced and non-reinforced structures. Six study cases where approached by numerical modeling using the SAP2000 software for structural analysis, based on the finite element method. The same reinforcement scenarios where studied for each one of the buildings, by means of linear dynamic analysis, making a total of six distinct situations for each house. The examination of the performance obtained in each case, in relation to the cost of implementing the reinforcement technique, allowed to draw conclusions and realize what reinforcement strategy to adopt depending on the typology of the building in question.

Mestrado em Engenharia Civil

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Análise sísmica, Alvenaria de pedra, Resistência sísmica - Edifícios antigos - Arquipélago dos Açores (Portugal), Modelação, Engenharia civil, Reforço, Construções em alvenaria - Propriedades mecânicas - Arquipélago dos Açores (Portugal), Análise estrutural (Engenharia)

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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