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Diagnóstico de doenças obstrutivas através do registo de espirometria

Authors: Almeida, Maria Catarina Alvelos Ferreira de;

Diagnóstico de doenças obstrutivas através do registo de espirometria

Abstract

A Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crónica (DPOC) é um problema grave de saúde pública, a nível nacional e a nível internacional. A sua detecção precoce e avaliação dos parâmetros para a sua determinação são de grande importância para a redução de custos de saúde e custos de absentismo. A espirometria é o teste fisiológico que permite a detecção precoce da DPOC, além de determinar uma série de parâmetros que tornam possível conhecer eventuais distúrbios de ventilação, nomeadamente o Volume Expiratório Forçado no primeiro segundo (VEF1), a Capacidade Vital Forçada (CVF) e o Fluxo Expiratório Forçado MEF a 50% da CVF. Com base nestes pressupostos, consideramos relevante investigar a questão problemática da detecção da DPOC e contribuir para uma melhoria de testes de diagnóstico. Nesta investigação procurámos obter uma justificação para a utilização do índice VEM1/VEM6, já aceite por diversos autores e profissionais de saúde. Nestas circunstâncias encontrou-se uma justificação física e estatística para a valorização do índice VEM1/VEM6. No entanto, esta investigação veio a revelar que se for utilizado o índice VEM1/VEM4, menos invasivo para o paciente, é possível proceder à triagem de distúrbios ventilatórios, com o mesmo êxito. Foi possível correlacionar os dados determinados por MEF50/0,5CVF e VEM1 /CVF obtendo-se uma metodologia para a valorização de valores obstrutivos e de valores restritivos. Foi introduzido um parâmetro adimensional, denominado número de Reynolds, que caracteriza o tipo de escoamento. A interpretação parece contribuir para a valorização no diagnóstico de distúrbios ventilatórios. Espera-se assim que os resultados obtidos nesta investigação possam contribuir para melhorar a triagem de diagnóstico de distúrbios ventilatórios através de exame realizado por espirometria.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a serious public health problem at national and international level. The early detection and evaluation of parameters for the COPD determination are of great importance for reducing healthcare costs and costs of absenteeism. Spirometry is a physiological test that enables early detection of COPD, and the evaluation of a set of parameters that make it possible to detect any ventilation disorders, such as Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV1), Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) and Forced Expiratory Flow FEF at 50% of FVC. Based on these assumptions, we consider that is relevant to investigate the problematic issue of detection of COPD and contribute to an improvement of diagnostic tests. In this research we tried to discover a justification for the use of the index VEM1/VEM6, already accepted by many authors and health professionals. In these circumstances we found a physical and statistical justification for the valuation index VEM1/VEM6. However, this investigation has proven that if the VEM1/VEM4 index is used, less invasive for the patient, it is possible to proceed with the screening of respiratory disorders, with the same success. It was possible to correlate the data determined by MEF50/0,5FVC and VEM1 /FVC, obtaining a methodology for valuing obstructive and restrictive values. An adimensional parameter was added, called the Reynolds number, which characterizes the flow type. The interpretation seems to contribute to enhance the diagnosis of respiratory disorders. We hope that the results obtained in this research can contribute to better screening and diagnosis of respiratory disorders by spirometry examination.

Mestrado em Materiais e Dispositivos Biomédicos

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Espirometria, Doenças pulmonares: Diagnóstico, Materiais e dispositivos biomédicos

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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