Objective: In order for effective authentication of Radix Angelicae Pubescentis and to establish a basis of the herb standardization,the detailed morphological and microscopic characteristics were investigated.Methods: Samples were collected from the representative producing areas of China;the conventional pharmacognostic techniques were adopted for trait description and microscopic identification,which were finally compared with those reported.Results: A distinct and previously neglected new feature for the identification of the powdered crude drug,which was the spindle-shaped parenchymatous cells with crisscross striation,was identified and shown as an important microscopic characteristic for herb authentication.In addition,other microscopic features were also described in details and their similarities and differences with those reported were discussed.Conclusion: These results would be the important scientific basis for further consideration in the herb authentication of Radix Angelicae Pubescentis. 目的:為了更有效地鑑定中藥獨活並作為該藥材標準化的基礎,我們對其詳細的形態和顯微特徵進行了深入的研究.方法:從獨活的道地產區收集藥材樣本,並採用傳統的生藥學鑑定手段對其形態和顯微特徵進行研究並與文獻進行了比較.結果:發現了一種明顯的但一直被忽視的粉末新特徵,即具有交錯紋理的紡錘形薄壁細胞,可作為一個重要的鑑定獨活藥材的顯微特徵.此外,本文對其形態及其它顯微及文獻的異同分別進行了描述和探討.結論:這些結果為完善獨活的藥材鑑定提供了重要的科學依據.