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Frecuencia de los ciclones tropicales que afectaron a Costa Rica durante el siglo XX

Authors: Alvarado Gamboa, Luis Fernando; Alfaro Martínez, Eric J.;

Frecuencia de los ciclones tropicales que afectaron a Costa Rica durante el siglo XX

Abstract

Se estudia la frecuencia de ciclones tropicales que pasaron por el Mar Caribe y que afectaron indirectamente a Costa Rica durante el siglo XX. De un total de 125 ciclones, ninguno de ellos pasó sobre Costa Rica, siendo la tormenta tropical Bret en 1993 la que más se acercó. El huracán Gilbert en 1988, de categoría 5, fue el más intenso; sin embargo se considera al huracán Joan, durante ese mismo año, como el que causó efectos más severos sobre Costa Rica. Al huracán Mitch en 1998 se le cataloga como el más desastroso a nivel de Centroamérica y el que más lluvias dejó en Costa Rica por efecto orográfico. La década con mayor (menor) frecuencia de huracanes fue la de los años 40 (80), en donde la modulación de esta frecuencia podría deberse al efecto combinado de variaciones interanuales e interdecadales en el Pacífico Tropical del Este y en el Atlántico Tropical Norte. Se concluye que la intensidad de un temporal en Costa Rica debido a un huracán o una tormenta tropical no necesariamente está directamente relacionada con la magnitud del evento ciclónico, sino también con la posición que éste ocupe respecto al istmo y con su velocidad de avance sobre el Mar Caribe.

It is studied the tropical cyclone frequency in the Caribbean Sea that affected Costa Rica during the XX century. None of the 125 cyclones passed over Costa Rica, being the closest track the 1993 tropical storm Bret. The 1988, category 5, hurricane Gilbert was the more intense, however the hurricane Joan during the same year is considered the cyclone with the most severe damage over Costa Rica. Hurricane Mitch in 1998 is cataloged as the cyclone with ore damages in Central America and with more rain accumulated by topographic effects. The 40s (80s) was the decade with more (less) hurricane frequency. The modulation of this aspect could be the combination of interannual and interdecadal variability in the Eastern Tropical Pacific and Tropical North Atlantic. It is concluded that the intensity of a temporal in Costa Rica is not directly associated with cyclone’s magnitude because it depends also on the relative cyclone’s position and its velocity over the Caribbean Sea.

UCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias Básicas::Centro de Investigaciones Geofísicas (CIGEFI)

UCR::Vicerrectoría de Docencia::Ciencias Básicas::Facultad de Ciencias::Escuela de Física

Universidad de Costa Rica/[805-96-279]/UCR/Costa Rica

Universidad de Costa Rica/[112-99-305]/UCR/Costa Rica

Country
Costa Rica
Related Organizations
Keywords

Costa Rica, Tropical cyclones, Ciclones tropicales, Mar Caribe, Caribbean Sea

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green