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Efectos de los rangos de movimientos y tiempos de descanso sobre la prueba de 1 RM

Authors: Barrantes Segura, Ariel; Aragón Vargas, Luis Fernando;

Efectos de los rangos de movimientos y tiempos de descanso sobre la prueba de 1 RM

Abstract

Los resultados de las pruebas de fuerza de 1RM varían para el mismo ejercicio en función del rango de movimiento (RDM) que se utiliza. El reposo insuficiente entre intentos también puede perjudicar el rendimiento en la prueba. OBJETIVO: determinar el efecto del rango de movimiento y el tiempo de recuperación en los resultados de pruebas de fuerza de 1 RM en las extremidades superiores. MÉTODOS: 10 hombres y mujeres con experiencia en el entrenamiento con pesas, con edad entre los 27,7 ± 9,73 años, completaron la familiarización que consistió en un test de 1RM en press de banca normal. En tres días distintos se realizaron un total de 6 combinaciones, en cada combinación se ejecutó una prueba de 1RM, se utilizaron 2 rangos de movimiento (rango parcial de 90 ° y rango completo) y 3 descansos (3, 5, y 7 min) para crear las combinaciones. Cada sesión de evaluación consistió en dos combinaciones con un descanso de 30 minutos en el medio. Cada sesión estuvo precedida por un calentamiento general: 5 min en una bicicleta estacionaria y una serie de entre tres y cinco repeticiones con un 80 % del 1RM obtenido en la familiarización. Todos los sujetos realizaron todas las combinaciones en un diseño de medidas repetidas aleatorizadas. RESULTADOS: No se encontró interacción significativa entre el RDM y el tiempo de recuperación (F = 2.06 p = 0.189). Tanto el RDM (F = 30,5, p < 0,0005) como el tiempo de recuperación (F = 8,48 p = 0,011), como efectos principales, fueron significativos y sólo un par comparado resultó ser diferente: 7 min vs. 5 min ( p = 0,007). Los resultados de 1RM son los siguientes (promedios ± SD) Descanso 3-min Descanso 5-min Descanso 7-min Rango 90° 64,8 ± 19,9 kg 62,7 ± 19,7 kg 65,1 ± 21,5 kg Rango Completo 57,2 ± 17,4 kg 56,8 ± 18,5 kg 57,4 ± 17,0 kg CONCLUSIONES: Se confirmó que para el press de banca, RDM 90° alcanza un peso superior a 1 RM de RDM completo. Independientemente del RDM, se obtuvieron los mejores resultados usando una recuperación 7 - min entre los intentos. Estos resultados son relevantes para las pruebas de levantamiento de pesas y la prescripción de ejercicio.

1RM strength test results will vary for the same exercise depending on range of motion (ROM) used. Insufficient rest between attempts may also impair performance. PURPOSE: to determine the effect of range of motion and recovery time on upper body 1 RM strength testing results. METHODS: 10 men and women with experience in weight training, aged 27.7 ± 9.73 y.o., completed a familiarization consisting of a standard bench press 1RM test. On three separate days, they performed a total of 6 combinations each of a 1RM test using 2 ranges of motion (90° partial range, and full range) and 3 breaks (3, 5, and 7 min). Each testing session consisted of two combinations with a 30 min break in between. Each session was preceded by a general 5 min warm-up on a stationary bike and one set of three to five repetitions with 80% of the familiarization 1RM. All subjects performed all combinations in a randomized, repeated-measures design. RESULTS: No significant interaction was found between ROM and recovery time (F = 2.06 p = 0.189). Both ROM (F = 30.5, p < 0.0005) and recovery time (F = 8.48 p = 0.011) main effects were significant, with only one pairwise comparison being different: 7 min vs. 5 min (p = 0.007). 1RM results below are mean ± SD. 3-min rest 5-min rest 7-min rest 90° ROM 64.8 ± 19.9 kg 62.7 ± 19.7 kg 65.1 ± 21.5 kg Full ROM 57.2 ± 17.4 kg 56.8 ± 18.5 kg 57.4 ± 17.0 kg CONCLUSIONS: We confirmed that, for bench press, 90° ROM achieves a higher 1RM weight than full ROM. Regardless of ROM, the best results were obtained using a 7-min recovery between attempts. These results are relevant for weight training testing and prescription.

Este informe de investigación fue publicado como póster en Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 46(5):s192, 10.1249/01.mss.0000493922.19651.52, issn:1530-0315, issn:0195-9131

UCR::Vicerrectoría de Docencia::Ciencias Sociales::Facultad de Educación::Escuela de Educación Física

Country
Costa Rica
Related Organizations
Keywords

Rango de movimiento, Recuperación aguda, Strength testing, Evaluación de la fuerza, Range of motion, Acute recovery

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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