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Mediación cuentística de Yolanda Oreamuno para ELE: desarrollo de la competencia simbólica mediante el uso de la literatura para estudiantes B2 de español como segunda lengua

Authors: Acuña Vargas, Roberto André;

Mediación cuentística de Yolanda Oreamuno para ELE: desarrollo de la competencia simbólica mediante el uso de la literatura para estudiantes B2 de español como segunda lengua

Abstract

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo aplicar un modelo didáctico basado en literatura costarricense de la escritora Yolanda Oreamuno Unger (1916-1956) para desarrollar la competencia simbólica en estudiantes de nivel B2, según el Marco Común Europeo de Referencia para las lenguas, de español como segunda lengua. Se utilizó el cuento “Un regalo” (1948), dada su riqueza temática y simbólica, como recurso para mediar la adquisición intercultural y lingüística. La metodología se enmarcó en un enfoque cualitativo de estudio de caso, fundamentado en la investigación-acción, a partir de tres métodos: observación (participante y no participante), diario introspectivo y cuestionario. Esta se aplicó en una estudiante estadounidense en Costa Rica, nivel B2. Los resultados evidencian que el uso de literatura en la enseñanza de ELE no solo facilita la reflexión intercultural y el desarrollo de habilidades de significación simbólica, sino también favorece la comprensión de estructuras lingüísticas complejas. Se identificó la relevancia de leer más textos literarios escritos por mujeres costarricenses y de diseñar materiales didácticos que trasciendan enfoques folcloristas. Además, se concluyó que la literatura debe entenderse como un medio para la adquisición de una lengua, no como un fin en sí mismo, ya que su interpretación depende del contexto sociohistórico y cultural de los aprendientes. Finalmente, la investigación resalta la importancia de implementar metodologías introspectivas y participativas en ELE, que promuevan la diplomacia intercultural y el pensamiento crítico en un mundo globalizado.

The present study aimed to apply a didactic model based on Costa Rican literature by the writer Yolanda Oreamuno Unger (1916-1956) to develop symbolic competence in B2-level students, according to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages, in Spanish as a second language. The short story “Un regalo” (1948) was used as a resource to mediate intercultural and linguistic acquisition due to its thematic and symbolic richness. The methodology followed a qualitative case study approach, grounded in action research, using three methods: observation (participant and non-participant), introspective journal, and questionnaire. This was applied to an American student in Costa Rica at the B2 level. The results show that the use of literature in teaching Spanish as a Foreign Language (ELE) not only facilitates intercultural reflection and the development of symbolic meaning-making skills but also enhances the understanding of complex linguistic structures. The study highlighted the relevance of reading more literary texts written by Costa Rican women and designing didactic materials that go beyond folklorist approaches. Additionally, it was concluded that literature should be understood as a means for language acquisition rather than an end in itself, as its interpretation depends on the socio-historical and cultural context of the learners. Finally, the research emphasizes the importance of implementing introspective and participatory methodologies in ELE, which fosters intercultural diplomacy and critical thinking in a globalized world.

UCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Sistema de Estudios de Posgrado::Artes y Letras::Maestría Profesional en Español como Segunda Lengua

UCR::Vicerrectoría de Docencia::Artes y Letras::Facultad de Letras::Escuela de Filología, Lingüística y Literatura

Country
Costa Rica
Related Organizations
Keywords

competencia simbólica, literatura aplicada, Yolanda Oreamuno Unger, applied literature, symbolic competence, linguistic acquisition, interculturality, adquisición lingüística, interculturalidad

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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