
handle: 10654/35929
En el presente proyecto se analizará el principio de lesividad dentro del sistema sancionatorio tributario nacional, para lo cual se toma como base la Ley 1607 del 2012 que introdujo su concepto como aquel principio que sanciona al contraventor de las normas fiscales cuando este hubiese producido un daño a la administración. Igualmente, se tiene como referente la última reforma tributaria, donde se establece que el principio de lesividad se implementará cuando el contribuyente incumpla con sus obligaciones tributarias. A partir de lo anterior es preciso preguntar ¿cuál ha sido el desarrollo que le ha dado el legislador al concepto de incumplimiento tributario en el transcurso de las reformas tributarias? Puesto que la investigación se origina de la necesidad por comprender la constante modificación que ha tenido el régimen sancionatorio tributario, lo cual, como se explicará más adelante, está estrechamente relacionado con el principio de lesividad, porque de ese modo establece su proceso normativo. Ahora bien, para realizar el análisis se parte de un lineamiento legal que se construye a partir de los siguientes focos: i) la ley, ii) la jurisprudencia y iii) los conceptos de la Dirección de Impuestos y Aduanas Nacionales (DIAN). Para el desarrollo de esta investigación se utiliza un enfoque metodológico cualitativo, con el propósito de recolectar información basada en los pronunciamientos de las Altas Cortes y los conceptos proferidos por la DIAN. Consecuentemente, se tiene como fin lograr analizar la información recolectada desde una perspectiva temporal, cuyo resultado es un análisis detallado sobre la evolución del principio de lesividad en materia tributaria. The present project seeks to develop the principle of Detriment in the National Tax Sanction System, based on Law 1607 of 2012, a rule that introduced the concept of this principle as one that sanctions the contractor of fiscal rules, when it had a product real damage to the administration. Likewise, the last tax reform set forth in Law 1819 of 2016 will be taken as a reference, where it is established that the principle of injury will be implemented when the taxpayer includes with his tax obligations. Given the above, the question arises: What has been the development that the legislature has given to the concept of formal tax noncompliance in the course of tax reforms? This investigation originates from the need to understand the constant modification of the tax penalty system, which, as explained below, has an intimate relationship with the principle of injuriousness that thus establishes its normative process. The analysis will be carried out based on a legal guideline which will be constructed from the following foci.) Law ii). The jurisprudence and finally iii.) Concepts of the Directorate of National Taxes and Customs (DIAN). For the present investigation, the qualitative methodological approach will be used, since necessary information must be collected in the pronouncements of the high courts and the concepts given by the Directorate of National Taxes and Customs (DIAN). Consequently, the aim will be to analyze the information collected from a temporal perspective, resulting in a detailed analysis of the evolution of the principle of levity in tax matters. Introducción 7 1. Régimen sancionatorio tributario 9 2. Constitucionalidad del régimen sancionatorio tributario 12 2.1 Constitucionalidad de las obligaciones tributarias 12 2.2 Constitucionalidad del poder sancionatorio de la administración 14 3. Principios del régimen sancionatorio tributario 17 3.1 No hay sanción sobre sanción 18 3.2 No coexistencia de sanciones diferentes para un mismo hecho sancionable 19 3.3 Una sanción no puede ser confiscatoria 19 3.4 Principio de legalidad 20 3.5 Principio de irretroactividad y favorabilidad 21 3.6 Principio de proporcionalidad 23 3.7 Principio de gradualidad 24 3.8 Principio de economía 24 3.9 Principio de eficacia 25 3.10 Principio de imparcialidad 26 3.11 Principio de integración normativa 27 3.12 Principio de lesividad (Ley 1607 de 2012, Art. 197) 28 4. Principio de lesividad 28 4.1 Desarrollo del principio de lesividad por parte de las Altas Cortes 32 5. Línea jurisprudencial 33 5.1 Gráfica línea jurisprudencial 33 5.2 Línea Jurisprudencial 34 6. Inconstitucionalidad en la aplicación del principio de lesividad 44 7. Conclusiones 49 8. Bibliografía 54 Lista de tablas Tabla 1. Línea jurisprudencial 33 Pregrado The present project seeks to develop the principle of Detriment in the National Tax Sanction System, based on Law 1607 of 2012, a rule that introduced the concept of this principle as one that sanctions the contractor of fiscal rules, when it had a product real damage to the administration. Likewise, the last tax reform set forth in Law 1819 of 2016 will be taken as a reference, where it is established that the principle of injury will be implemented when the taxpayer includes with his tax obligations. Given the above, the question arises: What has been the development that the legislature has given to the concept of formal tax noncompliance in the course of tax reforms? This investigation originates from the need to understand the constant modification of the tax penalty system, which, as explained below, has an intimate relationship with the principle of injuriousness that thus establishes its normative process. The analysis will be carried out based on a legal guideline which will be constructed from the following foci.) Law ii). The jurisprudence and finally iii.) Concepts of the Directorate of National Taxes and Customs (DIAN). For the present investigation, the qualitative methodological approach will be used, since necessary information must be collected in the pronouncements of the high courts and the concepts given by the Directorate of National Taxes and Customs (DIAN). Consequently, the aim will be to analyze the information collected from a temporal perspective, resulting in a detailed analysis of the evolution of the principle of levity in tax matters.
reforma, DERECHO FISCAL, REFORMA TRIBUTARIA, Constitución Política, tax system, principle of detriment, taxes, principio de lesividad, tax law, Constitution, sanction, impuestos, sanction system, derecho tributario, sanción, IMPUESTOS, sistema tributario, régimen sancionatorio, reform
reforma, DERECHO FISCAL, REFORMA TRIBUTARIA, Constitución Política, tax system, principle of detriment, taxes, principio de lesividad, tax law, Constitution, sanction, impuestos, sanction system, derecho tributario, sanción, IMPUESTOS, sistema tributario, régimen sancionatorio, reform
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