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Repositorio Documental UMNG
Article . 2018
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Revisión de la gasificación por plasma, una tecnología para reutilizar y producir

Authors: Muñoz Bolaños, Egner Giovanny;

Revisión de la gasificación por plasma, una tecnología para reutilizar y producir

Abstract

Este estudio presenta un preámbulo de lo que es y representa la gasificación por plasma en el ámbito de la eliminación de los residuos sólidos, además, también señala unas condiciones básicas para su funcionamiento. Los sistemas de gasificación por plasma pueden ser alimentados por varios tipos de desechos que pueden ser convertidos en productos con considerable contenido de energía utilizable. Además, el rendimiento de su operación puede ser medido en términos de producción de energía y subproductos de interés industrial, al tener en cuenta el diseño y las características físicas y químicas de los residuos que alimentan la planta. Por otro lado, en términos de manejo de los residuos, impactos ambientales generados y beneficios en el largo plazo, presenta ventajas frente a otros sistemas de manejo como la disposición en relleno sanitario y la pirolisis. En ese sentido, éste trabajo presenta un panorama en el que la gasificación por plasma, surge como la mejor alternativa para el manejo de los residuos sólidos en ciudades como Bogotá y genera un potencial de desarrollo industrial en el ámbito energético. Además, se muestra cómo en términos de eficiencia de los procesos operativos, esta tecnología es superior a los sistemas de manejo convencionales como los rellenos sanitarios y se encontró que este tipo de mecanismo requiere de unas características particulares para su funcionamiento, como porcentajes de humedad y de materia orgánica, parámetros que no sería complicado obtener en los residuos sólidos generados en la capital del país. No obstante, los obstáculos tecnológicos y económicos que se presentan en la actualidad permitirán que se presente una incursión en éstos procesos en el largo plazo.

This study presents a review of plasma gasification meaning in the field of the disposal of solid waste, also indicates basic conditions for its optimal operation. Different waste types can fed the plasma gasification systems and be converted into products with a considerable amount of usable energy. In addition, the operation performance can be measured in terms of energy production and by-products of industrial interest, considering the plant design, physical and chemical characteristics of the waste that feeds the plant. On the other hand, in terms of waste management, environmental impacts generated and long-term benefits, it has advantages over other management systems such as landfill and pyrolysis. In this sense, this work presents a panorama in which plasma gasification emerges as the best alternative for solid waste management in cities such Bogotá and generates a potential for industrial development in the energy field. In addition, operating processes were found superior than conventional management systems such as landfills, in terms of efficiency. This technology requires specific operation characteristics, such as humidity and organic matter content, parameters that would not be complicated to obtain in the generated solid waste in Bogotá. However, the technological and economic obstacles that present themselves allow for a long-term incursion into the processes.

Especialización

Country
Colombia
Related Organizations
Keywords

Plasma, GASIFICACION, solid waste, residuos sólidos, PLASMA (GASES IONIZADOS)

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green