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Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
Doctoral thesis . 2017
License: CC BY NC ND
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Aplicación de ciclos rankine orgánicos de baja temperatura a sistemas de microgeneración

Authors: Sampedro Redondo, José Luis;

Aplicación de ciclos rankine orgánicos de baja temperatura a sistemas de microgeneración

Abstract

Por cuestiones medioambientales derivadas de la utilización de combustibles fósiles y el calentamiento global, ha habido una creciente demanda en sistemas de cogeneración de energía. Esto ha derivado, en un mayor interés investigador, tanto en aumentar la eficiencia de las plantas de producción de energía eléctrica, como en desarrollar pequeñas plantas de potencia capaces de satisfacer la energía de pequeños entornos. En los últimos tiempos, una de las cuestiones que mayor interés ha suscitado a los investigadores, es la transformación de fuentes térmicas residuales o sostenibles de energía. Una de las formas más interesantes para transformar una fuente de calor en energía eléctrica es el empleo de ciclos Rankine. El ciclo orgánico Rankine (ORC) es una modalidad de ciclo Rankine, que opera con focos de calor a media y baja temperatura, lo que puede permitir tanto la mejora de las plantas de generación de energía eléctrica, como el abastecimiento de energía eléctrica en pequeños entornos. El objetivo de esta tesis ha consistido en desarrollar un modelo para la simulación de ciclos orgánicos Rankine. Este modelo permite el dimensionamiento de una máquina que opere sobre este tipo de ciclo al tiempo que facilita la comparación de resultados en función del tipo de focos que sean accesibles y de la elección de los principales componentes de la máquina. El modelo desarrolla un sistema de simulación conjunta del ciclo termodinámico y de la transferencia de calor que se realiza en los intercambiadores (evaporador y condensador). Permite la selección de bomba y turbina axiales, la selección de intercambiadores de placas, así como las correlaciones a emplear en el cálculo de éstos. Los resultados de las simulaciones aportan información sobre el dimensionamiento y eficiencia de cada componente de la máquina, así como sobre el rendimiento del ciclo Rankine orgánico completo. RESUMEN (en Inglés) Due to environmental issues related to the use of fossil fuels and global warming, there has been a growing demand for energy co-generation systems. In turn, this has led to rising interest in researching ways to improve efficiency of electricity generation plants as well as to develop smaller generation facilities capable of supplying small areas. In recent times, the transformation of thermal energy from residual and sustainable resources has been one of the topics to attract the most interest. One of the most interesting ways to transform thermal energy into electricity is the use of Rankine cycles. The organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is a type of Rankine cycle that operates using medium and low temperature heat sources, which could enable the improvement of electricity generation plants as well as the supply of electric energy to small areas. The objective of this Thesis has been to develop a model capable of simulating organic Rankine cycles. This model forms the basis for the development of a machine that operates on this type of cycle, and allows the results of different kinds of heat sources and key component types to be compared. The model provides a simulation system combining the thermodynamic cycle and the heat transfer between heat exchangers (evaporating and condensing).

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

Equipo de refrigeración, Ingeniería energética, Física de la transmisión del calor

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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