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Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
Doctoral thesis . 2017
License: CC BY NC ND
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Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
Doctoral thesis . 2017
License: CC BY NC ND
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XEROGELES RESORCINOL-FORMALDEHÍDO: POROSIDAD Y QUÍMICA SUPERFICIAL A MEDIDA

Authors: Díaz Alonso-Buenaposada, Isabel;

XEROGELES RESORCINOL-FORMALDEHÍDO: POROSIDAD Y QUÍMICA SUPERFICIAL A MEDIDA

Abstract

La principal ventaja que presentan los xerogeles orgánicos y de carbono reside en que su porosidad puede ser diseñada a medida para la aplicación en la que se quieran utilizar estos materiales. A pesar de las ventajas que ambos materiales presentan, la mayoría de las aplicaciones se centran en el uso del xerogel de carbono, y deja en un segundo plano a su homólogo orgánico. Sin embargo, este último es un producto mucho más barato ya que no requiere de tratamientos a altas temperaturas. Además, en los últimos años se ha desarrollado y optimizado la utilización de la tecnología microondas en la síntesis de estos materiales permitiendo así su producción de forma económica a nivel industrial e incrementando así su atractivo para ser utilizados directamente en cualquier aplicación. En la presente Tesis Doctoral, se ha estudiado el efecto de la proporción de metanol de la disolución de formaldehído como nueva variable a tener en cuenta a la hora de diseñar las propiedades porosas de estos materiales a medida de la aplicación. Además, se han estudiado las ventajas e inconvenientes que presenta la utilización de catalizadores básicos o ácidos en la disolución precursora del material. Sin embargo, no sólo las propiedades porosas repercuten sobre la aplicabilidad de estos materiales, sino que su química superficial también juega un papel relevante en este aspecto. Por este motivo, se ha estudiado y modificado la naturaleza química de la superficie de estos materiales para la obtención de xerogeles orgánicos hidrófilos, hidrófobos y superhidrófobos, a través de diferentes tratamientos. Los resultados obtenidos en esta Tesis Doctoral permiten poder diseñar las propiedades porosas y químicas de los xerogeles orgánicos potenciando aún más su versatilidad y por lo tanto sus múltiples aplicaciones.

The main advantage of organic and carbon xerogels is that their porosity can be tailor-made to be used in a specific application. Despite the advantages of both materials, most applications exploit the carbon xerogel, leaving its organic counterpart in the background. However, the latter is a much cheaper product as it does not require treatments at high temperatures. In addition, in recent years the use of microwave technology has been developed and optimized for the synthesis of these materials, allowing them to be produced economically at an industrial level while increasing their appeal as they are ready for direct use. In this Doctoral Thesis, the effect of the methanol content of formaldehyde solution has been studied as a new variable to be taken into account when designing the porous properties of these materials for a specific application. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of using basic or acid catalysts in the precursor solution of the material have been studied. However, not only do porous properties affect the applicability of these materials but their surface chemistry also plays a relevant role. For this reason, the chemical nature of the surface of these materials has been studied and modified to obtain hydrophilic, hydrophobic and superhydrophobic organic xerogels, by means of different treatments. The results obtained in this Doctoral Thesis have made it possible to optimize the porous and chemical properties of the organic xerogels enhancing even more their versatility and their potential use in a wide range of applications.

Peer reviewed

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

porosidad, Materiales, química superficial, Análisis de polímeros, mesoporos, Radioondas y microondas, desecante, microporos, xerogel

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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