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LK06 og LK20 - En kvalitativt undersøkelse av to læreplaner i matematikk

Authors: Klungrehaug, Gyri;

LK06 og LK20 - En kvalitativt undersøkelse av to læreplaner i matematikk

Abstract

The purpose of this Master thesis is to find out what changes have been made, what justifications are given, and whether international trends might have influenced the decisions behind the change in curriculum. I have used Fairclough’s dialectic approach to critical discourse analysis as a theoretical framework. Specifically, I have used his concepts of social events, social practices and social structures as a framework for analysis. The texts I have looked at are the curriculum for mathematics obtained from LK06 and LK20. I have defined these texts as social events. I have used thematic analysis to look at the content of the curriculum. I have also compared the curriculum using different theoretical concepts, as a tool. I have discussed the changes and what consequences they might give. This is what I have defined to be social practices. As social structures I have looked at what justifications are given for the need to change in curriculum, what challenges the changes are meant to solve, and if international trends have influenced the desicions about change. The main findings from my analysis; 1. Introduction of core elements and implementation in the competence aims 2. Introduction of cross subject themes and implementation in the competence aims 3. Changed framing of the action- and content dimension a. I have found a weaker framing of the action dimension in LK20 compared to LK06 b. I have found the content dimension to be the same in both plans 4. Changed emphasis on main subject areas a. There is an increased emphasis on number and numeracy, algebra and functions b. There is a decreased emphasis on geometry, measures, statistics, probability and combinatorics. c. The total number of the competence aims has increased. 5. Changes linked to progression a. The competence goals are organized for every grade in LK20, compared to LK06 where the competence goals are merged for several grades. b. I have found a more distinct progression in the action dimension of the LK20 compared to LK06, as there are more verbs on a higher taxonomic level, and the increase is greater in higher grades in LK20 compared to LK06. c. I have not found any systematic change in the progression of the content dimension 6. Increased digitalization a. LK20 introduces programming b. There is an increased focus on algorithmic thinking in LK20, compared to Lk06. I argue that there is an increased influence from framework and thinking from OECD and PISA. The influence from OECD is evident when looking at the justifications and premises made for the changes. The recommendations about “the future competences” has laid the groundwork for what changes that are made. The competences can be linked to the emphasis on in-depth learning that can be found in LK20, and I have linked in-depth learning to specific findings in my analysis. I conclude that two out of four premises for in-depth learning are met. I argue that the organization of the new curriculum in mathematics coincides with the PISAtest framework, and that the new framework can be linked to the change in mathematic competence, and other findings from the analysis. Only time will tell if the changes in curriculum will prepare students for an unknown future. It might however become a challenging task, as the curriculum in LK20 has greater emphasis on mathematical processes but makes every teacher accountable for what content should be prioritized and what should not.

Formålet med denne masteroppgaven er å undersøke hvilke endringer som er gjort, hvilke begrunnelser som gis for endringene, og hva slags påvirkning fra internasjonale trender som kan tenkes å ha påvirket beslutningene som ligger tilgrunn for denne læreplanendringen. Jeg har brukt Fairclough sin dialektiske tilnærming til kritisk diskursanalyse som overordnet rammeverk i denne masteroppgaven. Undersøkelse av sosiale begivenheter: Tekstene som undersøkes er læreplanen i matematikk for 1.-10. trinn hentet fra LK06 og LK20. Sosiale praksiser: Tematisk analyse er brukt for å undersøke det innholdet i læreplanene. Læreplanene er sammenlignet for å se hvilke konkrete endringer som er gjort. I sammenligningen er teoretiske begreper brukt som analyseverktøy. Sosiale strukturer: Begrunnelsene gitt i politiske bakgrunnsdokumenter og innflytelsen fra internasjonale trender. Konkrete funn som kan knyttes til endringer fra LK06 til LK20: 1. Innføring og implementering av kjerneelementer 2. Innføring og implementering av tverrfaglige tema 3. Svakere innramming av handlingsdimensjonen i LK20 sammenlignet med LK06, men like svak innramming av innholdsdimensjonen. 4. Økt vektlegging av kunnskapsområdene tall og tallforståelse, algebra og funksjoner og mindre vekt på geometri og måling og statistikk, sannsynlighet og kombinatorikk. a. Til sammen har antall kompetansemål i planen økt. 5. Tydeligere progresjon i handlingsdimmensjonen, men ingen systematisk endring knyttet til progresjon i innholdsdimensjonen. 6. Økt digitalisering I tillegg til konkrete endringer, har jeg pekt på en økt innflytelse fra OECD og sammenfall med PISA sitt rammeverk. Om denne læreplanen vil kunne ruste elever til en ukjent fremtid, vil vise seg. Det kan imidlertid bli en utfordrende oppgave. LK20 er en plan som vektlegger matematiske prosesser, samtidig som et stort ansvar legges på den enkelte lærer og den enkelte skole når det skal bestemmes hvilket innhold og kunnskaper som skal prioriteres, og hva som skal kuttes.

Master i skolerettet utdanningsvitenskap

Country
Norway
Keywords

LK20, Kunnskapsløft, Læreplanendringer, Kritiske diskursanalyser, Læreplanverk, LK06, Fagfornyelser

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green