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Strategier i kommunal helse- og omsorgstjeneste. Statlige styringsinstrumenter og lokale tilpasninger

Authors: Ingjer, Anette Jørve;

Strategier i kommunal helse- og omsorgstjeneste. Statlige styringsinstrumenter og lokale tilpasninger

Abstract

Samhandlingsreformen brakte med seg føringer for statlige og kommunale helsetjenester, for å oppnå bedre koordinering mellom tjenestene. Flere politiske virkemidler ble tatt i bruk for å oppnå ønsket effekt med reformen og kommunene måtte respondere på dette innenfor de ressurser og det handlingsrom de hadde og ofte er bedre samhandling presentert som en strategi og en løsning for å redusere det offentliges ressursbruk. Dette utgjør bakteppet for min undersøkelse om strategier for koordinering av den kommunale helse- og omsorgstjenesten. Undersøkelsen beskriver de strategier jeg fant og belyser faktorer som kan ha hatt betydning for hvordan to kommuner har valgt å svare ut kravene om bedre koordinering. Undersøkelsen er en kvalitativ, komparativ casestudie med en kombinasjon av dokumentanalyse og semistrukturerte intervjuer. De to undersøkte kommuner er Nedre Eiker og Røyken (forkortet NE og R). Resultatene viser at kommunene har tatt i bruk virkemidler utledet i Samhandlingsreformen, slik som KAD, samarbeidsavtaler og samarbeidsmøter. De styringsinstrumenter jeg fant hyppigst benyttet for å koordinere helse- og omsorgstjenesten, var de strukturelle virkemidlene. Møtestrukturer, samlokalisering av ulike tjenester, kompetanseheving og teknologisk utvikling, er hva de observerte kommunene gjør mest av for å koordinere. Imidlertid viser to tilsynelatende like kommuner i stor grad variasjoner i sine strategier for koordinering av helse- og omsorgstjenesten. Dette understøtter at lokale forhold og det kommunale handlingsrommet har betydning for de strategiene som tas i bruk. Resultatene fra både dokumentanalysen og intervjuene gir inntrykk av at R har omfattende bruk av systematisk nedskrevne planer og bruk av virksomhetsanalyser. NE har i stor grad strategiske tiltak ved bruk av velferdsteknologiske løsninger, pakkeforløp for personer i korttids døgnopphold og stort fokus på tjenester i hjemmet. NE begrunner liten bruk av virksomhetsanalyser og strategisk og systematisk planarbeid med at de ikke har ressurser til dette. Min konklusjon er at svekket økonomisk handlingsrom gjør at NE omgir seg med strategier som tar utgangpunkt i konkrete handlinger ute i tjenesten, heller enn administrativt strategisk planarbeid.

According to the Norwegian Coordination Reform the levels between state- and municipal health services had to be improved. Several political instruments were used to achieve the desired goals of the reform and municipalities had to respond to this within the framework presented. In addition collaboration is often presented as a strategy and solution to reduce public resource utilization. Following the coordination of the municipal primary health and care sevices, this paper presents a survey from two municpalities and the results on how these municipalties have solved the matter of 'better' coordination. The survey is a qualitative, comparative case study, with a combination of document analysis and semistructured interviews. The municipalities studied are Nedre Eiker and Røyken (accordingly NE and R). The results of the survey conducted shows that the two municipalities had many similar strategies for coordinating primary health- and care services. Both municipalities had taken advantage from governmental incentives to implement the reform. Meeting activities were a frequent means of coordination. Both had similar cooperation with the specialist healthcare, and both used inter-municipal cooperation. On the matter of variations, the study revealed that NE had goals affected by budget balance. R's goals were more detail oriented and they used several business analyses to develop goals, focus areas, plans and strategies. While NE only had statutory plans as municipal plan and budget, R had several recorded strategies for their primary health- and care services. Where R had several written strategies, NE demonstrated more strategic actions using welfare technology and training citizens in managing aging and one's own health. The largest variations were found in financial resources allocated in the budget to primary health- and care services, where the survey showed that NE deposited about 100 million (NOK) more than R. Based on the results I have concluded that the municipalities scope of action has affected how the two municipalities carry out strategic work, and that the municipal scope of action has been more important than the political incentives used in the reform.

Master i styring og ledelse

Country
Norway
Keywords

Styringsinstrumenter, Kommunale handlingsrom, Kommunale strategier, Kommunale omsorgstjenester, Kommunale helsetjenester, VDP::Samfunnsvitenskap: 200::Statsvitenskap og organisasjonsteori: 240::Offentlig og privat administrasjon: 242

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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