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Evaluación térmica de un economizador instalado de una caldera bagacera, con el fin de aumentar la confiabilidad operacional, en un ingenio azucarero del Valle del Cauca

Authors: Sánchez Campo, Juan Felipe;

Evaluación térmica de un economizador instalado de una caldera bagacera, con el fin de aumentar la confiabilidad operacional, en un ingenio azucarero del Valle del Cauca

Abstract

Este proyecto se desarrolla mediante una metodología de forma investigativa para estudiar y analizar a eficiencia de una caldera bagacera que se encuentra instalada en un ingenio azucarero en el Valle del Cauca. La caldera en mención se encuentra en operación desde el año 2009 y opera como equipo principal de producción de vapor para una planta de cogeneración de 34 MW. Se realizó una búsqueda de información referente a cada componente y así conocer sus principios de funcionamiento y como mantienen la producción en la planta y como se afecta cuando aparece esta falla por abrasión en el economizador. Para esto se hizo un levantamiento de información al respecto, que sufre irregularidades en su interior gracias al flujo de los gases de combustión. Con la información recolectada, la ayuda de literatura y colaboración por parte del personal de la planta se puede hacer un análisis matemático y técnico para descubrir que está sucediendo con estos equipos. Para el análisis se realiza un análisis de la combustión que arroja los resultados de los componentes que hacen parte de este proceso, también se hizo un balance de masa y energía de toda la planta, revisando cada uno de sus componentes en sus entradas y salidas (temperaturas del agua, vapor, aire y los gases de combustión, presiones, niveles de la caldera, transferencia de calor), todo con el fin de obtener y analizar la eficiencia de la caldera, como cambia si se implementa un cambio dentro de la configuración de los equipos, en este caso con el economizador que presenta la falla. El modelo matemático usado permite analizar cada variable involucrada en el proceso, desde las temperaturas de los gases de combustión, los estados a través de cada equipo para poder comparar el estado actual de la planta con el que se sugiere a ser modificado. Por último, con los resultados obtenidos gracias al modelo se podrá tomar la decisión de qué manera implementar, una modificación en el diseño de la geometría para mitigar el número de fallas presentadas

This project is developed through a research methodology to study and analyze the efficiency of a bagasse boiler that is installed in a sugar factory in Valle del Cauca (Colombia). The boiler in question has been in operation since 2009 and operates as the main steam production equipment for a 34 MW cogeneration plant. A search for information regarding each component was carried out to know its operating principles and how they maintain production in the plant and how it is affected when this abrasion failure appears in the economizer. To this end, a survey of information was made in this regard, which suffers irregularities inside thanks to the flow of combustion gases. With the information collected, the help of literature and collaboration from the plant personnel, a mathematical and technical analysis can be done to find out what is happening with this equipment. For the analysis, a combustion analysis is carried out that yields the results of the components that are part of this process, a mass and energy balance of the entire plant was also made, reviewing each of its components at its inputs and outputs (temperatures of water, steam, air and combustion gases, pressures, boiler levels, heat transfer), All in order to obtain and analyze the efficiency of the boiler, how it changes if a change is implemented within the configuration of the equipment, in this case with the economizer that presents the failure. The mathematical model used allows the analysis of each variable involved in the process, from the temperatures of the combustion gases, the states through each piece of equipment to be able to compare the current state of the plant with the one that is suggested to be modified. Finally, with the results obtained thanks to the model, it will be possible to make the decisión on how to implement a modification in the design of the geometry to mitigate the number of failures presented

Proyecto de grado (Ingeniero Mecánico)-- Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, 2024

Ingeniero(a) Mecánico(a)

Pregrado

Country
Colombia
Related Organizations
Keywords

Ingeniería Mecánica, 330, Detección de fallas en equipos de calderas acuotubulares, Failures in an economizer due to abrasion, Velocidades máximas en bancos de tubos, Eficiencia de una caldera, Detection of failures in water tube boiler equipment, Failure due to abrasion due to biomass ash, Boiler efficiency, Maximum velocities in tube banks, Falla por abrasión por cenizas de la biomasa, Fallas en un economizador por abrasión

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green