
handle: 10612/26576
[ES] El objetivo de este trabajo es revisar críticamente, a partir de estudios recientes, los efectos de la trashumancia sobre la estructura, diversidad y funcionamiento de los pastizales. La metodología se basó en una revisión bibliográfica sistemática en bases de datos como Dialnet, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar y WorldWideScience. Los resultados mostraron que la trashumancia mantiene una elevada diversidad alfa y beta de plantas y microorganismos frente a la homogenización derivada del abandono. Asimismo, ayuda a mantener una proporción equilibrada de gramíneas y leguminosas, mejora la fertilidad del suelo mediante el reciclado de nitrógeno y fósforo, e incrementa la materia orgánica edáfica. Entre los servicios ecosistémicos, destacan la reducción del riesgo de incendios por disminución de combustibles finos, la regulación climática a través de un balance moderado de carbono y la conservación de corredores ecológicos. Se concluye que la trashumancia es una estrategia sostenible que asegura multifuncionalidad ecológica, a la vez que dinamiza economías rurales y preserva un valioso patrimonio cultural.
[EN] The objective of this paper is to critically review, based on recent studies, the effects of transhumance on the structure, diversity, and functioning of grasslands. The methodology was based on a systematic literature review in databases such as Dialnet, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and WorldWideScience. The results showed that transhumance maintains a high alpha and beta diversity of plants and microorganisms compared to the homogenization resulting from abandonment. It also helps maintain a balanced proportion of grasses and legumes, improves soil fertility by recycling nitrogen and phosphorus, and increases soil organic matter. Among the ecosystem services provided are a reduction in the risk of fires due to a decrease in fine fuels, climate regulation through a moderate carbon balance, and the conservation of ecological corridors. It is concluded that transhumance is a sustainable strategy that ensures ecological multifunctionality, while stimulating rural economies and preserving valuable cultural heritage.
33 páginas, tablas, figuras y referencias bibliográficas
Pastos de montaña, Trashumancia, Biología, Funcionamiento, 2417.13 Ecología Vegetal, Ciclo de nutrientes, Biodiversity, Functioning, Nutrient cycling, Ecología. Medio ambiente, Biodiversidad, Migration, Mountain pastures
Pastos de montaña, Trashumancia, Biología, Funcionamiento, 2417.13 Ecología Vegetal, Ciclo de nutrientes, Biodiversity, Functioning, Nutrient cycling, Ecología. Medio ambiente, Biodiversidad, Migration, Mountain pastures
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