
handle: 10612/24210
[ES] Tras el descubrimiento de la penicilina en 1928, el uso generalizado de los antibióticos betalactámicos ha salvado la vida de miles de personas, pero su mal uso también ha supuesto la proliferación de cepas resistentes en distintas especies y grupos taxonómicos bacterianos. En el presente estudio se ha realizado un análisis de los genes que codifican para las betalactamasas de clase A y clase C mediante el uso de herramientas informáticas incluyendo la búsqueda de secuencias en la base de datos del NCBI y su comparación por análisis filogenético. A partir de los datos obtenidos se han elaborado alineamientos de secuencias, así como árboles filogenéticos de las dos clases de betalactamasas escogidas, que al compararse con los filogramas del gen codificante para ARN 16S permite conocer si existe transferencia horizontal o vertical de los genes que confieren resistencia a los antibióticos. Además, esta comparativa indica que la transferencia horizontal, en caso de producirse, se da de forma más habitual entre especies del mismo filo, aunque no es raro que aparezcan episodios de transferencia horizontal entre filos, en especial entre bacterias que comparten nicho ecológico
[EN] Since the discovery of penicillin in 1928, the widespread use of beta-lactam antibiotics has saved the lives of thousands of people, but their misuse has led to the proliferation of resistant strains in different bacterial species and taxonomic groups. In the present study, an analysis of the genes coding for class A and class C beta-lactamases has been carried out using computer tools including a sequence search in the NCBI database and their comparison by phylogenetic analysis. The data obtained were used to construct sequence alignments and phylogenetic trees of the two selected classes of beta-lactamases. When compared with 16S RNA gene phylograms, these trees show whether there is horizontal or vertical transfer of the genes that confer resistance to antibiotics. Furthermore, this comparison indicates that horizontal transfer is more common between species of the same phylum, although it is not uncommon for episodes of inter-phylum horizontal transfer to occur, especially between bacteria that share an ecological niche
30 págs., figuras y referencias bibliográficas
2302.04 Genética Bioquímica, 2414.01 Antibióticos, Resistencia a antibióticos, Betalactamasa, Biología, Transferencia horizontal, Horizontal transfer, AmpC, Antimicrobial resistance, Genética, Betalactamase
2302.04 Genética Bioquímica, 2414.01 Antibióticos, Resistencia a antibióticos, Betalactamasa, Biología, Transferencia horizontal, Horizontal transfer, AmpC, Antimicrobial resistance, Genética, Betalactamase
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