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Bachelor thesis . 2024
License: CC BY NC ND
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Bachelor thesis
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Régimen de la prueba en el proceso penal: el camino hacia la verdad desde la acusación hasta la sentencia

The rules of evidence in criminal proceedings: the path to the truth from indictment to sentence
Authors: Moreno Ciordia, Itziar;

Régimen de la prueba en el proceso penal: el camino hacia la verdad desde la acusación hasta la sentencia

Abstract

[ES] La prueba en el proceso penal la podemos definir como la actividad que se lleva a cabo para demostrar la veracidad de unos hechos, cuyo objetivo es alcanzar en el Juez o Tribunal la convicción necesaria para dictar sentencia. En el proceso penal, a diferencia del proceso civil, rige el principio de libre valoración de la prueba, por lo que, una vez conseguida o no esa convicción, el Juez libremente decidirá sobre el asunto. Por otro lado, el artículo 24 de la Constitución Española recoge como derecho fundamental la presunción de inocencia, según el cual, en cualquier proceso debe realizarse una mínima actividad probatoria por parte de la acusación, que es quien ostenta la carga de la prueba, para enervar este derecho. Esta actividad debe ser suficiente para hacer desaparecer todo tipo de incertidumbre, puesto que, si a la hora de resolver el Juez albergara alguna duda, dictará sentencia absolutoria en virtud del principio in dubio pro reo. Pero, ¿qué se entiende por mínima actividad probatoria? ¿Es suficiente la declaración de la víctima como única prueba para enervar la presunción de inocencia? Esta cuestión, presente en muchos delitos, se aprecia notablemente en los supuestos de violencia de género, lo que hace que su estudio sea muy interesante.

[EN] Evidence in criminal proceedings can be defined as the activity carried out to demonstrate the veracity of certain facts, the aim of which is to convince the judge or court to pass sentence. In criminal proceedings, unlike civil proceedings, the principle of free assessment of evidence applies, so that, once this conviction has been obtained or not, the judge will freely decide on the matter. On the other hand, Article 24 of the Spanish Constitution establishes the presumption of innocence as a fundamental right, according to which, in any trial, a minimum evidentiary activity must be carried out by the prosecution, which has the burden of proof, in order to undermine this right. This activity must be sufficient to eliminate any kind of uncertainty, given that, if the judge harbours any doubts at the time of reaching a decision, he or she will acquit by virtue of the principle of in dubio pro reo. But what is meant by minimal evidentiary activity, and is the victim's statement sufficient as the only evidence to undermine the presumption of innocence? This question, which is present in many crimes, can be seen notably in cases of gender violence, which makes it very interesting to study.

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

5604.03 Tribunales, Prueba, Carga, Proceso penal, Burden, 5605.07 Derecho Público, Assessment, Violencia de género, Gender violence, Presunción de inocencia, Principios, Derecho Procesal, Criminal proceedings, Presumption of innocence, Valoración, 5604.01 Funcionarios de Justicia y Procesos Judiciales, Principles, Evidence

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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