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Alergia alimentaria en población pediátrica

Authors: Hernández Santana, Guacimara Lucía;

Alergia alimentaria en población pediátrica

Abstract

La experiencia clínica refleja un aumento en la frecuencia de consultas por reacciones adversas a alimentos; se ha realizado una revisión bibliográfica que confirma estos datos. Asimismo, en este trabajo se han considerado otros conceptos relacionados con la alergia alimentaria: diagnóstico, prevención, evolución, tratamiento. Según numerosos estudios de prevalencia, la alergia a alimentos ha experimentado un aumento importante en las últimas décadas afectando alrededor de un 10% de la población; aunque continúa siendo más frecuente en la edad infantil, también se ha incrementado en otras franjas de edad. Se ha convertido en un problema de salud pública debido a las limitaciones en la dieta que sufren los pacientes, así como por el riesgo de reacciones accidentales que pueden ser potencialmente mortales. Esta situación genera un estado de ansiedad para el afectado y su entorno más directo. Se precisan más estudios científicos de calidad dirigidos a optimizar métodos de diagnóstico, prevención y tratamiento. Debido a que, en la actualidad, no existe ninguna medida preventiva; el entorno del paciente debe ser seguro y proporcionarle una calidad de vida adecuada. Ya que las alergias alimentarias predominan en el paciente pediátrico, se propone un plan de intervención que agrupa una serie de medidas de actuación destinadas al ámbito escolar donde el niño pasa gran parte del día y realiza algunas comidas principales.

L'experiència clínica reflecteix un augment en la freqüència de consultes per reaccions adverses a aliments; s'ha realitzat una revisió bibliogràfica que confirma aquestes dades. Així mateix, en aquest treball s'han considerat altres conceptes relacionats amb l'al·lèrgia alimentària: diagnòstic, prevenció, evolució, tractament. Segons nombrosos estudis de prevalença, l'al·lèrgia a aliments ha experimentat un augment important en les últimes dècades afectant al voltant d'un 10% de la població; encara que continua sent més freqüent en l'edat infantil, també s'ha incrementat en altres franges d'edat. S'ha convertit en un problema de salut pública a causa de les limitacions en la dieta que sofreixen els pacients, així com pel risc de reaccions accidentals que poden ser potencialment mortals. Aquesta situació genera un estat d'ansietat per a l'afectat i el seu entorn més directe. Es precisen més estudis científics de qualitat dirigits a optimitzar mètodes de diagnòstic, prevenció i tractament. A causa que, en l'actualitat, no existeix cap mesura preventiva; l'entorn del pacient ha de ser segur i proporcionar-li una qualitat de vida adequada. Ja que les al·lèrgies alimentàries predominen en el pacient pediàtric, es proposa un pla d'intervenció que agrupa una sèrie de mesures d'actuació destinades a l'àmbit escolar on el nen passa gran part del dia i realitza alguns menjars principals.

Clinical experience and research has demonstrated an increase in the frequency of medical visits due to adverse reactions to food; a literature review has been carried out to confirm these data. Additionally, other concepts related to food allergy diagnosis, prevention and treatment have been taken into account. Much prevalence research has shown that food allergy affects nearly 10% of population; although it continues to be more frequent in children, it has also increased in other age groups. It has become a public health problem due to the limitations in the diet suffered by patients, as well as the risk of accidental reactions that can be life threatening. This situation generates a state of anxiety for the affected person and their immediate environment. More good quality scientific studies are needed in order to optimize methods of diagnosis, prevention and treatment. As there is a lack of preventive measure at present, we should ensure the patient's environment is safe and provide an adequate quality of life. Due to the fact that allergies predominate in the pediatric population, an intervention plan is proposed to include a series of actions aimed to the school where children spend a large part of their day and perform some of the main meals.

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

food allergy, treatment, prevención, tractament, Al·lèrgia alimentària -- TFM, al·lèrgia alimentària a l'escola, tratamiento, prevention, al·lèrgia alimentària, alergia alimentaria en la escuela, prevenció, Food allergy -- TFM, food allergy and school, alergia alimentaria, Alergia alimentaria -- TFM

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green