Celem artykułu jest taka konkretyzacja teorii władzy w nie-Marksowskim materializmie historycznym aby uchwycić rolę tajnej policji w strukturze władzy politycznej i jej wpływ na rozwój społeczeństwa politycznego. The paper is an attempt to develop a concept of specifity in the operations of the secret police and its social significance. The attempt is made on the basis of theory of power in non-Marxian historical materialism. A standard model of political society is based on the following, silently supposed, assumptions: a-1: the rulers have complete and true knowledge about whole activity of citizens, a-2: the citizens have complete and true knowledge about the complete range of ruling regulations, a-3: the rulers keep the citizens under surveillance. Gradual removal of these assumptions let distinquish the following: 1. Two areas of social life: a private and a public one, and to identify a social role of a police informer, who expands the public area while reducing the citizens' private area of social life; 2. Two types of ruling regulation: direct and indirect; the latter is manifested in two forms: that of manipulation and of provocation, The final part of the paper considers the consequences the above theses have for the development of a political society. The authorities opportunity to employ surveillance, provocation and manipulation reinforces the domination of the ruling class thus lengthening the process of a political society.