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Proporcionalidad, pena y legalidad

Authors: Diana Patricia Arias Holguín; Profesora de derecho penal, Universidad de Antioquia. Investigadora Grupo Derecho y Sociedad;

Proporcionalidad, pena y legalidad

Abstract

El objetivo general de la investigación cuyos resultados se presentan aquí, consistió en analizar los fundamentos legales y las implicaciones que tiene la aplicación del principio de proporcionalidad en la imposición judicial de la pena. La metodología empleada supuso agotar los siguientes pasos: se partió de la tesis doctoral «Principio de proporcionalidad y ley penal», realizada por Lopera Mesa (2006), donde se explora la posibilidad de emplear tal principio en el control constitucional abstracto de las normas penales. Para determinar el fundamento constitucional y legal, que habilita en Colombia el uso del principio de proporcionalidad en el caso concreto, se emplearon fuentes documentales: doctrina, normas y jurisprudencia. Se elaboraron algunos casos para evaluar la proporcionalidad en la determinación de la pena, estableciendo así las implicaciones y los límites de tal tarea. La conclusión principal es: los jueces tienen la obligación constitucional y legal (arts. 3, 13 y 59 CP) de apartarse de las leyes relativas a la pena cuando de ellas se deriva una afectación desproporcionada de los derechos fundamentales. Esto, antes que vulnerar el principio de mera y estricta legalidad, lo reafirma. La regulación (art. 6 CP) de la analogía in bonam partem, también apoya esta idea. The main objective of the research which results are presented here consisted of analyzing the legal basis and implications that the principle of proportionality is applied in the judicial imposition of penalty has. The methodology used required attesting the next steps: It started from the doctoral thesis «The principle of proportionality and the criminal law» by Lopera Mesa (2006), which explores the possibility of using this principle in the abstract constitutional control of criminal laws. To determine the constitutional and legal basis, which enables the use of the principle of proportionality to the concrete case in Colombia, documentary sources were used; doctrine, rules and jurisprudence. Some cases were developed to assess the proportionality in sentencing, establishing in consequence the implications and limitations of such a task. The main conclusion is: judges have the constitutional and legal obligation (arts. 3, 59 and 13 CP) to move off from laws related to the penalty when they originate a disproportionate effect on fundamental rights. This reaffirms the principle of legality, in its simple and strict sense, rather than attempting against it. Furthermore, the regulation (art. 6 CP) of the analogy in bonam partem supports this idea.

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Colombia
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Derecho

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
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Green