Development of the endoscopic surgery has made operations of the groin hernia by endoscopic technique possible. In spite of some dilemmas, the endoscopic hernioplasty takes place in the surgery. The advantages of this procedure are less recurrences, less postoperative pain, shorter hospital stay, quicker recovery and return to everyday activities, and better cosmetic effect. The benefit of this method is particularly visible after procedures on bilateral and recurrent hernias. In this review, we described surgical technique of endoscopic hernioplasty, possible complications, as well anatomical and pathophysiological basis important for the endoscopic approach.