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La privatización de bienes culturales. ¿Una alternativa?

Authors: Rausell Köster, Pau; Montagut Marqués, Julio;

La privatización de bienes culturales. ¿Una alternativa?

Abstract

Existen numerosas razones, de carácter técnico-económico, que justifican que la responsabilidad principal de la protección del patrimonio histórico debe recaer en la acción colectiva y a través del sector público. Pero tanto desde la simple observación de la realidad como desde aproximaciones teóricas es evidente que numerosos recursos privados, ya sea con voluntad de lucro o sin ella, fluyen en las sociedades occidentales hacia la valorización del patrimonio. Ante la doble restricción de que por una parte nos encontramos frente a una tendencia estructural a la no sostenibilidad de los recursos públicos orientados a la preservación del patrimonio, y por otra parte, ante una previsible situación de contracción de los recursos públicos orientados hacia la provisión de bienes y servicios, debido a la crisis económica, cabe plantearse cómo conseguir que la preservación del patrimonio o su gestión sea también un espacio atractivo para recursos privados que busquen recompensas de mercado o de aquellos fondos que sin voluntad de lucro persigan algún otro tipo de recompensa en términos de capital cultural, imagen, reconocimiento social, legitimidad, etc. En este trabajo tratamos de aproximarnos, desde la perspectiva de la Economía de la Cultura a cómo se manifiesta la dimensión pública de la preservación del patrimonio y cómo necesita complementarse de una manera abierta con nuevos modelos de partenariado público-privado. Esta apertura del modelo de políticas de protección del patrimonio requiere de mayores niveles de información, transparencia y participación y constatamos que sólo con mayor grado de gobernanza será posible alcanzar niveles más elevados de eficiencia social.

There are many technical-economic arguments to justify that the primary responsibility of preserving heritage should be on collective action through the public sector. But both the simple observation of reality as from theoretical approaches is evident that many private resources flow, in Western societies, towards the development of heritage. Faced with the double constraint that in one part we are dealing with a structural tendency to non-sustainability of public resources oriented to the preservation of heritage, and on the other hand, in anticipation of a situation, due to the economic crisis, of shrinking public resources oriented to the provision of goods and services o f heritage, the question that arises is how to ensure that the heritage preservation or management is also an attractive area for private resources seeking market rewards or some other type of rewards in terms of cultural capital, image, social recognition, legitimacy, etc... In this work, from the perspective of cultural economics, we approach to the public dimension of the preservation of heritage and how this dimension needs to be supplemented, in an open way, with new models of Public-private partnership. This opening model for heritage protection requires higher levels of information, transparency and participation, and we argue that only a higher level of governance will provide higher levels of social efficiency.

Publicaciones Econcult: Área de Investigación en Economía de la Cultura y Turismo. Universitat de València.

Keywords

privatización del patrimonio, econcult, UNESCO::CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS, economía de la cultura, Patrimonio, :CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS [UNESCO], políticas del patrimonio

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green