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Vareniclina. Un paso más en la lucha contra el tabaquismo

Authors: Milara Payá, Javier; Soler Company, Enrique; Ferrando Piqueres, Raúl; Donat, Lucas; Pérez Prior, Noemí; Martínez, Beatriz;

Vareniclina. Un paso más en la lucha contra el tabaquismo

Abstract

Recientemente la Food and Drugs Administration ha aprobado Vareniclina, fármaco para la deshabituación tabáquica que presenta un novedoso mecanismo de acción, agonismo parcial de receptores nicotínicos de acetilcolina a4ß2.Hemos revisado la farmacología, eficacia y seguridad de Vareniclina y su utilidad en los procesos de deshabituación, usando como fuentes bibliográficas la base de datos MEDLINE , MD consults, American journal of Addictions y distintos manuales de referencia.De los tres ensayos clínicos publicados, dos de ellos, Jorenby y Gonzales comparan la eficacia y seguridad de Vareniclina 1mg/12h frente a Bupropion 150mg/12h y placebo, durante un periodo de 52 semanas, obteniéndose los siguentes resultados: 23% de abstinencia con Vareniclina, 14,6% con Bupropion y 10,3% con Placebo en el ensayo de Jorenby. Resultados similares obtuvo Gonzales: 21,9% de abstinencia con Vareniclina frente a 16,1% con Bupropion y 8,4% con placebo.El ensayo Tonstad determina que los pacientes que dejan de fumar tras 12 semanas con Vareniclina mantienen porcentajes elevados en las 12 semanas adicionales de tratamiento y hasta 52 semanas totales, obtuviéndose un 49,6% de abstinencia con Vareniclina frente a 36,9% con placebo.Con los estudios publicados a día de hoy, podemos concluir que Vareniclina en la dosis habitual (1mg/12h) muestra mayor eficacia a corto y largo plazo tanto frente a placebo cómo frente a tratamientos habituales en la deshabituación tabáquica, con un buen perfil de seguridad y bajo porcentaje de reacciones adversas.

Keywords

Vareniclina, tabaquismo, deshabituación tabáquica, Bupropion., UNESCO::PSICOLOGÍA, UNESCO::PSICOLOGÍA::Psicofarmacología

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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