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La autopsia blanca

Authors: Molina Aguilar, Pilar; Dasí Martínez, Concha; Gisbert Grifo, Marina;

La autopsia blanca

Abstract

En Patología Forense, frecuentemente nos encontramos con autopsias de muertes súbitas en las que se observan lesiones inespecíficas (edema pulmonar y/o cerebral) como únicos hallazgos macroscópicos y en ocasiones también microscópicos. La información clínica suele ser escasa, la muerte normalmente ocurre sin testigos y el lugar del levantamiento aporta pocos datos orientativos. Nos encontramos, en principio, ante la llamada incorrectamente «autopsia blanca». En estos casos, es imprescindible descartar la participación de tóxicos o trastornos electrolíticos, así como estar familiarizados con todas aquellas patologías que puedan cursar con una muerte súbita. La casuística en este tipo de muertes es reducida debido a su escasa frecuencia y a la dificultad de inscribir correctamente la causa de muerte en los registros de mortalidad. Este artículo trata de revisar aquellas patologías extracardíacas que, con mayor frecuencia, nos podemos encontrar en este tipo de autopsias: muerte súbita e inesperada del epiléptico, trauma cerebral mínimo, asma bronquial, hipertensión pulmonar, microembolismo, diabetes mellitus tipo I y cetoacidosis alcohólica. En muchos de estos casos, los estudios químico-toxicológicos e histológicos postmortem pueden establecer la causa de muerte, si los datos clínicos y los obtenidos en el momento del levantamiento son compatibles con la misma.

Sudden death autopsy is a frequent event in forensic pathology. In a percentage of these cases, unspecific pathology (pulmonary and/or cerebral edema) is the only feature observed in postmortem examination. Deaths are usually witnessed. Clinical data, scene information and circumstances of death are insufficient. The aim of this paper is to review the most frequent extracardiac diseases that could result in a negative autopsy: SUDEP (sudden unexplained death in epilepsy), bronchial asthma, minimal traumatic brain injury, pulmonary hypertension, microembolism (fat, amniotic fluid and air embolism), type I diabetes mellitus (dead in bed syndrome) and alcoholic ketoacidosis. Laboratory tests and careful histological examination may establish the cause of death in cases where clinical and scene data are compatible.

Keywords

UNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICAS ::Medicina Forense, UNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICAS, Autopsia blanca, Patología forense, Muerte súbita, :CIENCIAS MÉDICAS ::Medicina Forense [UNESCO], :CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green