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Valor en aduana

Authors: Ibáñez Marsilla, Santiago;

Valor en aduana

Abstract

El valor en aduana (base imponible de los derechos de aduana a la importación y componente fundamental de la base imponible del IVA a la importación) es una materia regulada por un Acuerdo de la Organización Mundial del Comercio, de modo que sus normas fundamentales son comunes en todo el mundo. Ello no obstante, con el paso del tiempo (el Acuerdo de valoración original data de 1980) las diferentes jurisdicciones han ido decantando criterios y prácticas particulares que van configurando diferencias relevantes. Este trabajo ofrece una visión general de la valoración aduanera y, en paralelo, presenta las peculiaridades de la valoración aduanera en la Unión Europea, contratándolas con los criterios administrativos y jurisprudenciales de otros países (como Estados Unidos o Canadá), así como con el contenido de los instrumentos interpretativos del Comité Técnico de Valoración en Aduana, órgano establecido por el Anexo II del Acuerdo de valoración de la OMC para favorecer la elaboración de criterios uniformes a nivel global. Al hilo de la exposición se ofrece un análisis crítico de Sentencias del TJUE que se considera colisionan con la literalidad y el espíritu del Acuerdo de valoración de la OMC, planteando en algunos casos graves problemas prácticos (como, p.e. las STJUE Compaq, asunto C-306/04; Christodoulou, asunto C-116/12; EURO 2004, asunto C-291/15; Hamamatsu Photonics, asunto C-529/16). Para otras Sentencias del TJUE, menos conflictivas, se ofrece la síntesis del criterio que adoptan (entre otras, Sentencias del TJUE Massey-Ferguson, asunto 8/73; TextilGesellschaft, asunto 7/83; Schmid, asunto 357/87; Malt, asunto C-219/88; Unifert, asunto 219/88; Olivetti, asunto C-17/89; Baywa, asunto C-116/89; Brown Bovery, asunto C-79/89; Hepp, asunto C-299/90; Wünsche, asunto C-21/91; Sönnichsen, asunto C-59/92; Ospig Textil-Gesellschaft, asunto C-29/93; Thierschmidt, asunto C-340/93; Sommer, asunto C-15/99; Kyocera Electronics, asunto C-152/01; Overland Footwear II, asunto C-468/03; Mitsui, asunto C-256/07; Gaston, asunto C-354/09; Stretinskis, asunto C-430/14; GE Healthcare, asunto C-173/15; Shirtmakers, asunto C-59/16; X BV, asunto C-661/15; LS Customs Services, asunto C-46/16). Por su relevancia, también se refieren dos casos decididos en el marco del sistema de solución de diferencias de la OMC, la Diferencia WT/DS366 (Colombia-Precios indicativos) y la Diferencia WT/DS371 (Tailandia-Cigarrillos).

Keywords

valor en aduana, derechos de aduana

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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