
handle: 10498/39723
La liquidación del siniestro constituye uno de los ámbitos más relevantes y, al mismo tiempo, menos sistematizados del contrato de reaseguro desde el punto de vista jurídico. Este artículo examina su tratamiento a la luz de los Principles of Reinsurance Contract Law (PRICL), instrumento de soft law de UNIDROIT, proponiendo la categoría del riesgo decisorio como criterio para reconstruir la asignación de responsabilidades entre asegurador directo y reasegurador ante la ausencia de un marco normativo específico. En este contexto, se analiza el alcance de la cláusula follow the settlements, el tratamiento de los pagos ex gratia y la delimitación entre los deberes de cooperación y las cláusulas claims control. El estudio muestra cómo los PRICL superan enfoques formalistas y mecanismos disfuncionales de control posterior, articulando un modelo funcional de gobernanza contractual del riesgo decisorio basado en criterios de razonabilidad. Este modelo configura el control del reasegurador no como una revisión autónoma del fondo del siniestro, sino como una verificación de la actuación del asegurador en su contexto decisorio. Asimismo, anticipa cómo este marco puede servir de base para futuras formas de gobernanza digital y automatización del sector.
Claims handling constitutes one of the most significant yet, at the same time, least systematised areas of reinsurance contract law. This article examines its treatment in light of the Principles of Reinsurance Contract Law (PRICL), a UNIDROIT soft law instrument, and advances the concept of decision-making risk as a criterion for reconstructing the allocation of responsibilities between the direct insurer and the reinsurer in the absence of a specific regulatory framework. In this context, the article analyses the scope of the follow the settlements clause, the treatment of ex gratia payments, and the delineation between duties of cooperation and claims control clauses. The study shows how the PRICL overcome formalistic approaches and dysfunctional forms of ex post control, articulating a functional model of contractual governance of decision-making risk based on standards of reasonableness. Under this model, the reinsurer’s control is not conceived as an autonomous review of the merits of the claim, but rather as a verification of the insurer’s conduct in its decision-making context. It also anticipates how this framework may serve as a foundation for future forms of digital governance and the automation of the sector.
42 pp.
Soft law, Gobernanza contractual, Reinsurance, Decisional risk, Riesgo decisorio, Contractual governance, PRICL, Reaseguro, Follow the settlements
Soft law, Gobernanza contractual, Reinsurance, Decisional risk, Riesgo decisorio, Contractual governance, PRICL, Reaseguro, Follow the settlements
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