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Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
Bachelor thesis . 2021
License: CC BY NC ND
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Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
Bachelor thesis . 2021
License: CC BY NC ND
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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Programa para la prevención temprana de dificultades lectoras desde la lectura emergente en la escuela y la familia

Authors: Alcántara López, Lucía María;

Programa para la prevención temprana de dificultades lectoras desde la lectura emergente en la escuela y la familia

Abstract

La lectura es uno de los aprendizajes básicos en la sociedad actual, de manera que las dificultades del aprendizaje lector, y entre ellas la dislexia, constituyen uno de los principales factores de fracaso escolar en la educación básica. Aunque su reconocimiento está lejos aún del que reciben otros trastornos del desarrollo, estas dificultades no solo afectan al rendimiento académico, sino al conjunto del desarrollo personal. Tradicionalmente, estas dificultades se consideraron problema “escolar”, de modo que durante años fueron algo ajeno a la Educación Infantil, pero la investigación de las últimas décadas ha puesto de manifiesto que sus raíces se hunden en la primera infancia. En el caso concreto de la dislexia, al tratarse de un trastorno del neurodesarrollo, parece evidente que debe encontrarse presente desde los primeros años de vida. En la actualidad sabemos que los problemas de lectura no son el núcleo de la dislexia, sino la consecuencia de déficits significativos en ciertos procesos fonológicos de base, que ya están presentes en la etapa infantil y que interactúan con otros procesos y habilidades de lectura emergente no exclusivos de la dislexia, pero que juegan un papel clave en el aprendizaje lector de cualquier alumno o alumna. Tras revisar la bibliografía sobre estos factores de riesgo y algunos de los trabajos ya realizados con la finalidad de prevenir las dificultades lectoras mediante su estimulación temprana, se ha elaborado un programa de prevención de futuras dificultades del aprendizaje lector, dirigido a un grupo de 4 años, para ser impartido por la tutora del grupo en situaciones ordinarias. Para evaluar su eficacia de forma controlada, el programa se ha elaborado con una duración limitada y especificando las actividades en sesiones con una programación detallada, diseñando un sistema de evaluación pretest-postest de los factores de riesgo sobre los que se pretende incidir.

Reading is one of the basic learning skills in today's society, so that difficulties in learning to read, including dyslexia, are one of the main factors of school failure in basic education. Although their recognition is still far from that of other developmental disorders, these difficulties not only affect academic performance, but also personal development as a whole. Traditionally, these difficulties were considered a "school" problem, so that for years they were something alien to early childhood education, but research in recent decades has shown that their roots sink in the first years of life. In the specific case of dyslexia, being a neurodevelopmental disorder, it seems clear that it must be present from the first years of life. We now know that reading problems are not the core of dyslexia, but the consequence of significant deficits in certain basic phonological processes, which are already present in infancy and which interact with other emergent reading processes and skills not exclusive to dyslexia, but which play a key role in the reading learning of any student. After reviewing the literature on these risk factors and some of the work already done with the aim of preventing reading difficulties through early stimulation, we have developed a program to prevent future difficulties in learning to read, aimed at a group of 4 years old, to be taught by the tutor of the group in ordinary situations. In order to evaluate its effectiveness in a controlled way, the program has been elaborated with a limited duration and specifying the activities in sessions with a detailed schedule, designing a pretest-posttest evaluation system of the risk factors on which it is intended to have an impact.

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

Educación Infantil, dislexia, prevention, prevención, Early Childhood Education, dyslexia, lectura emergente, emergent reading, procesos fonológicos, dificultades de aprendizaje, learning difficulties, phonological processes

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green