
handle: 10495/8828
ABSTRACT: This article presents a screening test for the early identification of many buccal pathologies. The concept, the components, the characteristics, the advantages and disadvantages of the method are presented. and the results of their application are analyzed in practice. The precise indexes of dental caries in the population are not known due to the difficulty of carrying out massive and periodic studies, but it is inferred that their incidence is increasing because the school population is not attending the health centers, according to recent reports of dental institutions responsible for public health in Antioquia. The screening test is a strategy that allows the detection of risk’s factors and the early diagnosis of diseases since the early asymptomatic phase. With the buccal screening the demand is induced to the health centers detecting oral pathologies in the early stages in big populations of children and adolescents. One can also achieve a presumptive diagnosis of buccal health that provides information that would permit establish the prevalence of the problem and a program of preventive treatment. In the municipality of Envigado - Antioquia 10.489 children of the public schools were screened with a minimum of costs, complexity and delays and with good acceptance of the community. The affected children were referred to their respective health services by means of referrals to family parents and teachers. The buccal screening should be done periodically with the purpose of making epidemiologic surveillance to frequent problems such as dental caries.
RESUMEN: Este artículo presenta la experiencia de aplicación de una prueba tamiz para la identificación precoz de la patología bucal. Se expone el concepto, los componentes, las características, las ventajas y desventajas del método y se analizan los resultados de su aplicación en la práctica. Los índices precisos de caries en las colectividades no se conocen por la dificultad de realizar estudios masivos y periódicos, pero se infiere que su incidencia va en aumento porque los escolares no están acudiendo a los centros de atención, según informes recientes de instituciones odontológicas comprometidas con la salud pública en Antioquia. El tamizaje es una estrategia que permite la detección de factores de riesgo y el diagnóstico precoz de enfermedades desde la fase asintomática. Con el tamizaje bucal se induce la demanda a los centros de atención, detectando tempranamente muchas patologías orales en grandes poblaciones de niños y adolescentes. También se puede lograr un diagnóstico presuntivo del estado de salud bucal que provea información para establecer la magnitud de los problemas y un programa de tratamiento preventivo. En el municipio de Envigado, Antioquia, se tamizaron 10.489 niños de las escuelas públicas con el mínimo de costos, complejidad y demora y con buena aceptación de la comunidad. Se orientaron los niños afectados a sus respectivos servicios de salud por medio de remisiones a padres de familia y maestros. El tamizaje bucal debe efectuarse periódicamente con el fin de hacer vigilancia epidemiológica a problemas tan frecuentes como la caries dental.
odontología preventiva, Tamizaje, primary prevention, técnicas y procedimientos diagnósticos, Preventive dentistry, 610, tamización, diagnostic techniques and procedures, Odontología preventiva, Diagnosis oral, Prevención primaria, Primary prevention, Diagnóstico, screening, diagnóstico bucal, RK1-715, Early diagnosis, diagnosis oral, diagnóstico temprano, Dentistry, Diagnóstico oral, Screening, prevención primaria, preventive dentistry, early diagnosis
odontología preventiva, Tamizaje, primary prevention, técnicas y procedimientos diagnósticos, Preventive dentistry, 610, tamización, diagnostic techniques and procedures, Odontología preventiva, Diagnosis oral, Prevención primaria, Primary prevention, Diagnóstico, screening, diagnóstico bucal, RK1-715, Early diagnosis, diagnosis oral, diagnóstico temprano, Dentistry, Diagnóstico oral, Screening, prevención primaria, preventive dentistry, early diagnosis
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