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Factores de riesgo para las enfermedades periodontales Risk factors for periodontal diseases

Authors: Alvear Espinal, Fanny Stella; Vélez, María Eugenia; Botero Zuluaga, Leticia;

Factores de riesgo para las enfermedades periodontales Risk factors for periodontal diseases

Abstract

RESUMEN: Las periodontitis son enfermedades multifactoriales que afectan a individuos susceptibles. El principal factor etiológico de las periodontitis es el biofilm de la placa dentobacteriana, los factores de riesgo pueden estar asociados con ellas pero no necesariamente las causan. Existen numerosos factores de riesgo pero solo unos pocos tienen evidencia científica que muestra una relación causal con las periodontitis. El propósito del presente artículo es hacer una breve revisión de la literatura más relevante sobre los factores de riesgo para las periodontits y analizar el desarrollo de un enfoque de riesgo multifactorial, con miras a adoptar la prevención como plan de trabajo en el campo de la periodoncia. Métodos: se revisaron publicaciones y revisiones sistemáticas de la literatura de la última década. Resultados: basados en estudios longitudinales se han verificado como factores de riesgo: el tabaquismo, la diabetes mellitus mal controlada y la colonización de los tejidos periodontales por alto número de bacterias específicas. Conclusión: los factores de riesgo pueden tener un papel significante en la patogénesis de las periodontitis, para lograr el manejo efectivo de estas lo más lógico es la identificación y el control de estos factores.

ABSTRACT: Periodontitis are multi-factorial diseases that affect susceptible individuals. Microbial dental plaque bio-film is the main etiological factor, although several other local and systemic factors have important modifying roles on its pathogenesis. Those risk factors are associated with the disease, but they do not necessarily cause it. Numerous risk factors do exist, but only a few of them have scientific evidence that show a causal relationship with periodontitis. The purpose of this article is to make a brief review on of the most relevant literature related to risk factors in periodontitis and to develop a multi-factorial risk approach that emphasizes on the importance of prevention as a work plan in the area of periodontology. Methods: publications of the last ten years were reviewed. Results: based on controlled longitudinal studies, the risk factors identified were: smoking habit, Diabetes Mellitus with low glycemic control, and colonization of tissue by a high number of specific bacteria. Conclusion: risk factors may have a significant role on the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Effective disease management should include identification and control of risk factors.

Country
Colombia
Keywords

Salud bucal, 610, RK1-715, salud bucal, enfermedades periodontales, Dentistry, factores de riesgo, risk factors, oral health, Enfermedades periodontales, Periodontitis, periodontitis, periodontal diseases, Factores de riesgo

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
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