
handle: 10495/31274
RESUMEN: Objetivo. Determinar si la implementación de intervenciones educativas y administrativas con respecto al empleo de pruebas de tamizaje incrementa la proporción de urocultivos positivos, en comparación con no emplear dichas intervenciones. Diseño. Este es un estudio prospectivo, analítico. Lugar. Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe, Medellín, Colombia. Población. Se realizaron 25.766urocultivos entre 1998 y 2005. Métodos. Algunas acción es educativas y administrativas se realizaron para incrementar la positividad de los urocultivos solicitados. Se registraron las coloraciones de Gram ordenadas paralas muestras de los pacientes hospitalizados y atendidos en urgencias que fueron hospitalizados, los urocultivos positivos de los recomendados, los solicitados directamente por el médico tratante y por el servicio solicitante. Resultados. El porcentaje de coloraciones de Gram de orina sin centrifugar realizadas por urocultivo, en los pacientes hospitalizados, se incrementó de 0,7% en1998 a 32,1% en 2005 (p = 0,000). Los urocultivos fueron positivos en el 79,4% de los casos cuando se realizaron por recomendación del laboratorio, mientras que la positividad de los solicitados directamente fue del 27,9% (p = 0,000). El porcentaje total de urocultivos positivos en 1998 en los pacientes que fueron hospitalizados, fue de 29,7%, mientras que de 1999 a 2005fue del 40,3%, años en los cuales el laboratorio de microbiología intervino activamente (c2 = 74,95; p =0,000). Los urocultivos positivos solicitados desde urgencias de adultos y pediatría aumentaron de 34% y15% en 1998, a 66% y 30% en el 2005, respectivamente; mientras que en otros servicios de hospitalización el porcentaje pasó de 26% a 40%. Conclusiones. El porcentaje de los urocultivos positivos se puede incrementar si el conocimiento derivado del estudio de las pruebas de tamizaje es aplicado a la práctica clínica.
ABSTRACT: Goal: To determine if the implementation of educative and administrative interventions with respect to the use of screening tests increases the proportion of positive urocultures, in comparison with the absence of using these interventions. Design: The study is a prospective, analytical study. Place: Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe, Medellín, Colombia. Population: 25.766 urocultures obtained from 1998 to 2005. Methods: some educative and administrative actions were taken to increase the positivity of the requestes urocultures. All data from ordered urocultures were registered. The ordered Gram stains in hospitalized patients and patients who attended the emergency unit that were hospitalized, the positive urocultures of the recommended ones, those requested directly by the medical practitioners, and services. Results: Gram stain percentage without centrifugation for uroculture in hospitalized patients increased from 0.7% in 1998 to 32.1% in 2005 (p = 0.000). Urocultures were positive in 79.4% of the cases when they were done by laboratory recommendation, whereas positivity of directly requested cultures was of 27.9% (p = 0.000). The total percentage of positive urocultures in 1998 for hospitalized patients was 29.7%, and in 1999-2005 was 40.3% (c2 = 74.95;p = 0.000), period when the microbiology laboratory intervened actively. Positive urocultures from requested for adult and pediatric emergency patients increased from 34% and 15% in 1998 to 66% and 30% in 2005, respectively; in other hospitalization services the percentage increased from 26% to 40%. Conclusions: The percentage of positive urocultures may increase if the knowledge derived from the study of the corresponding screening tests is applied to the clinical practice.
COL0007121
Bacteriuria, diagnosis, pruebas diagnósticas de rutina, 610, bacteriuria, RM1-950, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, Urine, Pruebas Diagnósticas de Rutina, orina, técnicas y procedimientos de laboratorio, Pielonefritis, Diagnostic Tests, pielonefritis, 616, Diagnosis, Cystitis, Routine, Cistitis, cystitis, routine diagnostic tests, cistitis, Pyelonephritis, Clinical Laboratory Techniques, Diagnostic Tests, Routine, Diagnóstico, Orina, urine, laboratory techniques and procedures, diagnóstico, pyelonephritis, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, Técnicas de Laboratorio Clínico
Bacteriuria, diagnosis, pruebas diagnósticas de rutina, 610, bacteriuria, RM1-950, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, Urine, Pruebas Diagnósticas de Rutina, orina, técnicas y procedimientos de laboratorio, Pielonefritis, Diagnostic Tests, pielonefritis, 616, Diagnosis, Cystitis, Routine, Cistitis, cystitis, routine diagnostic tests, cistitis, Pyelonephritis, Clinical Laboratory Techniques, Diagnostic Tests, Routine, Diagnóstico, Orina, urine, laboratory techniques and procedures, diagnóstico, pyelonephritis, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, Técnicas de Laboratorio Clínico
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