
handle: 10495/23869
ABSTRACT: This research paper aims to analyze the human right of a retirement pension for farming communities in Colombia. On one hand, it presents a description of peasantry as a social group in Colombia; on the other, it describes the General Retirement Pension System for this population; and lastly, it describes the concept of equality in social public funding, with the purpose of analyzing non-contributive retirement pensions as an alternative for the satisfaction of the human right of retirement to farming communities. Thus, based on the qualitative paradigm and hermeneutic approach, applying data analysis and documentary research, it was possible to conclude that in Colombia there is not certainty about the farmer as a subject, which entails a lack of a distinctive approach in public policies; resulting in a systematic violation of human rights, among them, the right to a retirement pension, because the General Retirement Pension System excludes the economic activities that the farming community carries out in the territory they inhabit; hence, it becomes necessary to recognize this social group as subjects of special constitutional protection, and implement, based on the principle of equality in social public funding, affirmative actions that allow the complete enjoyment of this human right.
RESUMEN: Este artículo de investigación tiene por objeto analizar el derecho fundamental a una pensión para las comunidades campesinas en Colombia. Por un lado, presenta una descripción del campesinado como grupo social en Colombia; por otro, describe el Sistema General de Pensiones para esta población; por último, se realiza una descripción de la equidad en el gasto público social a fin de analizar las pensiones no contributivas como alternativa para la satisfacción del derecho pensional de los campesinos. Así, a partir del paradigma cualitativo y el enfoque hermenéutico, aplicando el análisis de datos y fuentes documentales, fue posible concluir que en Colombia no se tiene certeza sobre quién es el sujeto campesino, lo que implica que las políticas públicas no tengan un enfoque diferencial, presentándose una violación sistemática de derechos fundamentales, entre ellos, el derecho a una pensión, dado que el Sistema General de Pensiones es excluyente con las actividades que desarrolla el campesino en el territorio que habita, por lo tanto, se hace necesario reconocer a este grupo social como sujetos de especial protección constitucional, e implementar a partir del principio de equidad en el gasto público social, acciones afirmativas que permitan el goce efectivo de este derecho.
Public spending, http://vocabularies.unesco.org/thesaurus/concept8104, 330, Pensión, Sistema General de Pensiones - Colombia, http://vocabularies.unesco.org/thesaurus/concept7656, Gasto público, Comunidades rurales, 300, Derechos de los campesinos, Pensions, Pensiones no contributivas, Derechos fundamentales - Colombia
Public spending, http://vocabularies.unesco.org/thesaurus/concept8104, 330, Pensión, Sistema General de Pensiones - Colombia, http://vocabularies.unesco.org/thesaurus/concept7656, Gasto público, Comunidades rurales, 300, Derechos de los campesinos, Pensions, Pensiones no contributivas, Derechos fundamentales - Colombia
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