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Biblos-e Archivo
Doctoral thesis . 2016
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Real Topological String Theory

Authors: Piazzalunga, Nicolò;

Real Topological String Theory

Abstract

Esta memoria de tesis incluye trabajos hechos en SISSA (Trieste) y la UAM (Madrid) bajo la supervisión de Á. Uranga durante los años académicos 2013-2016 y publicados en los siguientes artículos: en el primero [79] se describe la realización física en teoría de cuerdas tipo IIA de la cuerda topológica no-orientada introducida por Walcher, su uplift a teoría M, y se muestra que se pueden calcular las amplitudes abiertas y no-orientadas en términos de diagramas a un loop de estados BPS constituidos por M2-branas. Esto confirma y permite generalizar la expansión entera BPS de la cuerda topológica, que fue conjecturada anteriormente. El uplift a teoría M del orientifold actúa libremente sobre el círculo de teoría M, por lo que las multiplicidades enteras son una versión ponderada de (sector equivariante de) los invariantes de Gopakumar y Vafa, que originalmente eran cerrados y orientados. El uplift a teoría M también nos da una nueva perspectiva sobre la condición de cancelación de tadpoles. Al final, comentamos otras versiones en teoría M de otras cuerdas topológicas no-orientadas, y aclaramos algunas imprecisiones en la literatura. en el segundo [45] consideramos la cuerda topológica real en espacios Calabi-Yau tóricos no-compactos X, en su realización física descrita por medio de un orientifold en la teoría de cuerdas de tipo IIA en X con un O4-plano y una D4-brana fija sobre el mismo. El orientifold se puede considerar como un nuevo tipo de operador de superficie en la teoría gauge con 8 supercargas, que provienen de la geometría singular. Usamos el uplift a teoría M de este sistema para calcular los invariantes reales de Gopakuamar y Vafa (que describen estados BPS formados por M2-branas enrroladas) en diferentes geometrías. Demonstramos que las amplitudes topológicas reales toman unos signos cuando se hacen transiciones de flop, en una manera bien definida y consistente con la continuidad de los invariantes BPS. También presentamos unas propuestas preliminares para la descripción intrínseca en la teoría gauge del efecto del operador de superficie en la función de partición de dicha teoría.

The thesis comprises work done at SISSA (Trieste) and UAM (Madrid) under supervision of A. Uranga during academic years 2013-2016 and published in the following works: in the first one [79] we describe the type IIA physical realization of the unoriented topological string introduced by Walcher, describe its M-theory lift, and show that it allows to compute the open and unoriented topological amplitude in terms of oneloop diagram of BPS M2-brane states. This confirms and allows to generalize the conjectured BPS integer expansion of the topological amplitude. The M-theory lift of the orientifold is freely acting on the M-theory circle, so that integer multiplicities are a weighted version of the (equivariant subsector of the) original closed oriented Gopakumar-Vafa invariants. The M-theory lift also provides new perspective on the topological tadpole cancellation conditions. We finally comment on the M-theory version of other unoriented topological strings, and clarify certain misidentifications in earlier discussions in the literature. in the second [45] we consider the real topological string on certain non-compact toric Calabi-Yau three-folds X, in its physical realization describing an orientifold of type IIA on X with an O4-plane and a single D4-brane stuck on top. The orientifold can be regarded as a new kind of surface operator on the gauge theory with 8 supercharges arising from the singular geometry. We use the M-theory lift of this system to compute the real Gopakumar-Vafa invariants (describing wrapped M2-brane BPS states) for diverse geometries. We show that the real topological string amplitudes pick up certain signs across flop transitions, in a well-defined pattern consistent with continuity of the real BPS invariants. We further give some preliminary proposals of an intrinsically gauge theoretical description of the effect of the surface operator in the gauge theory partition function.

Tesis doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid y la Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Física Teórica. Fecha de lectura: 19-09-2016

Countries
Italy, Spain
Keywords

topological strings, orientifolds, supersymmetric gauge theories, Topología vectorial - Tesis doctorales, Física

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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