Powered by OpenAIRE graph
Found an issue? Give us feedback
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Recolector de Cienci...arrow_drop_down
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
Doctoral thesis . 2024
License: CC BY NC ND
versions View all 2 versions
addClaim

Arqueometalurgia de la Iberia Medieval: Recursos, cadenas operativas y artesanado del metal en las sociedades feudales

Authors: Hernández Casas, Yaiza;

Arqueometalurgia de la Iberia Medieval: Recursos, cadenas operativas y artesanado del metal en las sociedades feudales

Abstract

La investigación arqueometalúrgica de la Edad Media ibérica cuenta, aún en nuestros días, con un escaso recorrido. A pesar de que, desde hace dos décadas, los estudios tipológicos sobre artefactos de metal se han venido incrementando de la mano de la consolidación de la Arqueología Medieval, tal vacío se acentúa en el caso de la cultura material metálica relacionada con la formación social feudal en Iberia. Con una metodología en la que la Arqueometalurgia tiene un papel eminente, en combinación con la documentación escrita y las técnicas de la Arqueología más tradicional, la presente tesis doctoral tiene por objeto el estudio de los recursos, las cadenas operativas y el artesanado del metal en las sociedades feudales ibéricas. Así pues, se documentan algunas de las materias primas, prácticas tecnológicas y cadenas operativas llevadas a cabo por los artífices del metal en asentamientos eminentemente urbanos y fortificados adscritos al desarrollo de los señoríos feudales en la Iberia medieval: la judería y el castillo de Molina de Aragón (Guadalajara), el castillo de Bairén en Gandía (Valencia) y el castillo de La Estrella de Montiel (Ciudad Real). Además de presentar sus repertorios metálicos, estudiados tipológica y funcionalmente, se caracteriza arqueometalúrgicamente su producción metalúrgica a partir del análisis de los residuos de producción −minerales, escorias y otros subproductos− y de los artefactos metálicos, particularmente relacionados con la forja de hierro, la producción de plata y la manufactura de aleaciones de cobre. Del mismo modo, se identifican algunos de los principales recursos mineros explotados, así como los modos de explotación, gestión y control por parte de las autoridades y agentes señoriales, y se presenta una propuesta preliminar para la distribución y el comercio del cobre en la Iberia feudal a partir del análisis isotópico de muestras de minerales y de artefactos. Junto a ello, se define un modelo predictivo para el análisis de los objetos de base cobre, en línea con los recientemente propuestos para otras zonas de Europa (p. e. BOURGARIT y THOMAS, 2012; GAUDENZI y MARTINÓN-TORRES, 2016; BOTTAINI et al., 2022; SAUSSUS et al., 2023). Con todo, la aproximación arqueometalúrgica a los conjuntos metálicos descritos, cotejada con la información disponible en las fuentes escritas, supone ahondar en el conocimiento del artesanado del metal en la Edad Media, evaluando la especialización de los artesanos y la estandarización de la producción, así como definiendo las principales restricciones económicas, socio-culturales y tecnológicas que determinaron la elección de unos gestos técnicos frente a otros. Paralelamente, los resultados obtenidos permiten investigar la identidad y la agencia de estos artesanos, en concreto, el papel que jugaron en la producción y comercialización de manufacturas de metal determinados grupos culturales −como los judíos sefardíes− en las ciudades medievales ibéricas, evaluando la injerencia de su especialización artesanal en el mantenimiento del sistema feudal como organización social compleja.

Archaeometallurgical research into the Iberian Middle Ages is still scarce today. Although typological studies on metal artefacts have been increasing over the last two decades with the consolidation of Medieval Archaeology, this gap is accentuated in the case of metal material culture related to Feudal social formation in Iberia. Using a methodology in which Archaeometallurgy plays an eminent role, in combination with written sources and the techniques of more traditional archaeology, the aim of this doctoral thesis is to study the resources, operational chains and metal craftsmanship in Iberian feudal societies. Thus, we document some of the raw materials, technological practices and operational chains carried out by metalworkers in essentially urban and fortified settlements associated with the development of Feudal lordships in Medieval Iberia: the Jewish quarter and castle of Molina de Aragón (Guadalajara), the castle of Bairén in Gandía (Valencia) and the castle of La Estrella de Montiel (Ciudad Real). In addition to their metallic repertoires, studied from a typological and functional point of view, this work present archaeometallurgical characterisation of their metallurgical production based on the analysis of production residues −minerals, slags and other by-products− and metallic artefacts, particularly those related to iron smithing, silver production and the manufacture of copper-alloys. In the same way, it also identifies some of the main mining resources exploited, as well as the modes of exploitation, management and control by the feudal authorities and agents, and outlines a preliminary proposal for the distribution and trade of copper in Feudal Iberia based on the isotopic analysis performed on samples of minerals and artefacts. In addition, a predictive model for the analysis of copper-based artefacts is defined, in line with those recently proposed for other European territories (e.g. BOURGARIT y THOMAS, 2012; GAUDENZI y MARTINÓN-TORRES, 2016; BOTTAINI et al., 2022; SAUSSUS et al., 2023). In short, the archaeometallurgical approach to the metal assemblages described, compared with the information available in the written sources, allows us to deepen our knowledge of metal craftsmanship in the Middle Ages, assessing the specialisation of the craftsmen and the standardisation of production, as well as defining the main economic, socio-cultural and technological constraints that determined the choice of certain technical gestures over others. At the same time, the results obtained allow us to investigate the identity and agency of these craftsmen, in particular, the role played in the production and marketing of metal products by certain cultural groups −such as the Sephardi Jews− in medieval Iberian cities, assessing the influence of their craft specialisation on the maintenance of the feudal system as a complex social organisation.

Proyecto “Landscapes of (Re)Conquest: Dynamics of Multicultural Frontiers in Medieval South Western Europe” (AH/R013861/1), financiado, en este caso, por el Arts & Humanities Research Council de Reino Unido

Proyecto “Archaeometallurgy and Daily Life in Medieval Iberian Frontiers”, financiado por la Unidad de Excelencia “Archaeometrical Studies. Inside the artefacts & ecofacts” también de la UGR

Plan Propio de Investigación y Transferencia de la Universidad de Granada con el programa de contratos predoctorales FPU (Ley 14/2011)

Proyecto “ArCheoMedtal. Archaeology & Chemistry of Medieval Metals” (PPJIB2020.20)

Tesis Univ. Granada.

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
  • BIP!
    Impact byBIP!
    selected citations
    These citations are derived from selected sources.
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    0
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Average
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
Powered by OpenAIRE graph
Found an issue? Give us feedback
selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green