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Covid-19 y Frustración de contratos internacionales

Authors: Sánchez Lorenzo, Sixto Alfonso;

Covid-19 y Frustración de contratos internacionales

Abstract

La pandemia provocada por la Covid–19 ha provocado hechos y medidas legales que han imposibilitado el cumplimiento de contratos internacionales o alterado de forma severa sus bases negociales. La imposibilidad o fuerza mayor, la frustración de la causa del contrato y la excesiva onerosidad sobrevenida o hardship son algunas de las instituciones legales que buscan dar respuesta a los efectos que sobre los contratos producen tales circunstancias sobrevenidas. Este artículo da cuenta de la gran variedad de soluciones y alternativas que arroja un análisis de Derecho comparado referido tanto a los sistemas estatales como a los textos internacionales de armonización del Derecho de los contratos. Tal diversidad afecta no solo al diferente grado de admisión de las distintas fórmulas jurídicas, sino también al régimen concreto de sus efectos y de las condiciones bajo las cuales cabe una exoneración de responsabilidad contractual o una modificación del contenido del contrato. La falta de previsibilidad jurídica que implica esta falta de armonización internacional en las soluciones explica en buena medida las recomendaciones adoptadas por el IHLADI para minimizar los riesgos jurídicos de la pandemia en la contratación internacional.

The pandemic caused by the Covid–19 has led to events and legal measures that have made the performance of international contracts impossible or severely altered their negotiating bases. Impossibility or force majeure, frustration of the cause of the contract and hardship are some among legal institutions that seek to respond to the effects of such supervening circumstances on contracts. This article shows the great variety of solutions and alternatives that a comparative law analysis of both state systems and international texts on the harmonisation of contract law yields. This diversity concerns not only the different degree of admissibility of the various legal formulas, but also the concrete regime of their effects and the conditions under which an eception to brech of contracts or a modification of the content of the contract is possible. The lack of legal predictability implied by this absence of international harmonisation explains to a large extent the recommendations adopted by the IHLADI to minimise legal risks of the pandemic on international contracts.

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

Frustration of contracts, Hardship, Excesiva onerosidad sobrevenida, Contratos internacionales, Force Majeure, Fuerza mayor, COVID-19, Frustración del contrato, International contracts

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green