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Enfermedad de Lyme en España: una visión global

Authors: Gómez-Gordo, Celia; Garzón-Polanco, María; Fokina, Tatiana;

Enfermedad de Lyme en España: una visión global

Abstract

La enfermedad de Lyme (EL) es una zoonosis producida por bacterias del género Borrelia. La EL es una de las enfermedades más frecuentes transmitidas por garrapatas, siendo la más común en Europa y Estados Unidos. La causa por la que es una de las borreliosis más frecuentes es la distribución geográfica de Borrelia, que se correlaciona con las áreas de hábitat de sus vectores, en su mayoría el complejo Ixodes, aunque no es un patógeno exclusivo de este vector. Esto conlleva que algunas regiones del norte de España se posicionen como zonas endémicas de borreliosis, en concreto de EL, debido a las condiciones biogeoquímicas del territorio. No obstante, esta zoonosis está ampliamente extendida por todo el territorio nacional, debido a la presencia ubicua de mamíferos y otros vertebrados portadores del vector, que se conocen con el nombre de huéspedes u hospedadores. A pesar de que la EL es una enfermedad muy frecuente en la Península Ibérica, la heterogeneidad de manifestaciones clínicas y de especies productoras de enfermedad hace que su detección resulte un trabajo complejo, con el consecuente aumento de tiempo diagnóstico y evolución de la enfermedad, implicando la aparición de complicaciones clínicas.

Lyme disease (LD) is a zoonosis caused by bacteria of the genus Borrelia. LD is one of the most frequent diseases transmitted by ticks, being the most common in Europe and the United States. The geographical distribution of Borrelia is the reason why this is one of the most common borreliosis, which is also related to the habitat of its vectors (mostly the genus Ixodes). However, Borrelia is not the sole pathogen of this vector. As a consequence, some regions of northern Spain are considered to be borreliosis endemic areas, particularly of LD, due to the biogeochemical conditions of the area. Nevertheless, this zoonosis is widely spread throughout the country, due to the ubiquitous presence of mammals and other vertebrates carrying the vector (hosts). Although LD is very frequent across the Iberian Peninsula, the heterogeneity of clinical manifestations and vectors complicates its detection. Consequently, diagnosis is delayed and the disease develops, which leads to clinical complications.

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

Ixodes, Borrelia, Enfermedad de Lyme, Lyme disease, Borreliosis

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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