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Libertades comunitarias y nacionales de terceros estados

Authors: Sánchez Lorenzo, Sixto Alfonso;

Libertades comunitarias y nacionales de terceros estados

Abstract

La “nacionalidad” es un criterio de alcance relativo en el ámbito de las libertades comunitarias. La nacionalidad de un Estado miembro es una condición indispensable en el ámbito de la ciudadanía europea, esto es, para el ejercicio de derechos políticos o de contenido jurídico-público. Sin embargo, su relevancia es menor en el ámbito de los derechos económicos. Hay diferentes factores que muestran su relativismo: En primer término, no incide en la aplicación de la libre circulación de mercancías ni de capitales, ni afecta a las normas de cooperación judicial civil. En el ámbito de las libertades personales (trabajadores y servicios) hay supuestos de extensión a nacionales de terceros Estados por las normas de extranjería: familiares de un nacional comunitario, residentes de larga duración, nacionales de terceros Estados que disfrutan de un convenio de cooperación con la Comunidad Europea, etc. Por otra parte, la jurisprudencia del TJCE ha reducido la exigencia de nacionalidad a la posesión de un pasaporte o documento de identidad, al hilo de casos de doble nacionalidad. Finalmente, aunque las libertades personales excluyen el tratamiento de las situaciones puramente internas, la ciudadanía europea permite incluir tales situaciones cuando está en juego el derecho a la libre circulación de personas (As. García Avello). Asimismo, la jurisprudencia del TJCE en materia de sociedades facilita el acceso de los nacionales de terceros Estados a las actividades económicas en el mercado interior.

“Nationality” has a relative significance in relation with the European freedoms. The nationality of a Member State is an essential condition in order to implement the public rights included in the European Citizenship. However, it is less significant in relation to economic freedoms. Different factors show this relativism: first of all, nationality is not taken in account in the sphere of free movement of goods or capital, and it does not affect the judicial cooperation in civil matters. In the field of personal freedoms (free movement of workers and services) there are many cases of extension to third-country nationals, especially trough immigration rules: the family of nationals from European Member States, long-term residents, third-country nationals who enjoy some privileges from a special Treaty or regime. Moreover, the ECJ has reduced the nationality condition to the possession of a passport or any equivalent document in cases of double nationality. Finally, although the regime of personal freedoms excludes mere internal cases, the notion of European Citizenship allows the treatment of these cases due to the free movement of persons (García Avello case). The ECJ doctrine in company law cases also facilitates the right of third-country nationals to implement economical activities within the internal market.

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

European freedoms, Situaciones puramente internas, Libertades comunitarias, Nacionales de terceros estados, European citizenship, Nacionalidad, Citizenship, Ciudadanía europea, Mere internal cases, Third-States nationals

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green