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Historia ambiental del oasis de Los Comondú

Authors: Ortega Santos, Antonio;

Historia ambiental del oasis de Los Comondú

Abstract

El capítulo “Historia ambiental del oasis de Los Comondú” describe la evolución del oasis que alberga las comunidades de San José y San Miguel de Comondú en Baja California Sur. Estas sociedades se asentaron desde principios del siglo XVIII en un entorno que combina recursos hídricos limitados con valiosas biodiversidades y cultura adaptada a ecosistemas áridos . Antes de la Conquista, grupos recolectores-cazadores-pescadores habitaron el oasis aprendiendo a usar el agua y la flora de forma sostenible, conformando con ello la llamada “Cultura Comondú”, documentada arqueológicamente por Massey. Tras la colonización jesuítica surgió el sedentarismo: se introdujeron sistemas de riego, agricultura, corrales y arquitectura que transformaron radicalmente el paisaje, aunque conservando saberes indígenas adaptativos. Este proceso implicó un cambio de la ocupación adaptativa a la transformación activa del entorno . Hoy, la historia ambiental se emplea como herramienta clave para diseñar proyectos de desarrollo local sostenibles. El uso del agua y los recursos biológicos, combinado con estrategias geoturísticas basadas en geografía y cultura local, proponen alternativas para frenar el abandono rural. Se busca un desarrollo que incorpore la participación comunitaria, el valor cultural endógeno y una gestión del agua consciente del cambio climático.

The chapter “Environmental History of the Los Comondú Oasis” traces the socio-environmental evolution of San José and San Miguel de Comondú communities in Baja California Sur. Settled since the early 18th century, these communities adapted to an arid landscape marked by scarce water, high biodiversity, and human resilience . Pre‑colonial inhabitants lived as hunter‑gatherers relying entirely on sustainable use of the oasis’s natural resources. Through this long-term interaction, they developed what archaeologist William C. Massey called the “Comondú Culture.” With the arrival of Jesuit missionaries, the region underwent a shift toward sedentary agriculture: irrigation systems, enclosed corrals, and permanent dwellings reshaped the landscape. While indigenous ecological knowledge persisted, occupation shifted from adaptation to deliberate transformation . Currently, environmental history is a foundational tool for planning sustainable local development. The analysis of water use and biotic resource management underpins strategies that blend geotourism—highlighting geological and cultural heritage—with community-led initiatives. This integrated approach aims to combat rural decline by promoting locally-grounded economic alternatives, valuing endogenous culture, and responding to climate change vulnerabilities.

CONOCIMIENTO, VALORACIÓN Y DESARROLLO SUSTENTABLE DE LOS OASIS SUDCALIFORNIANOS (98464), Investigador principal: Micheline Cariño Olvera/Antonio Ortega Santos, Entidad financiadora: Gobierno México-CONACYT, Duración: 10/01/2009-01/01/2012, Financiación recibida (en euros): 62363,06 Euros.

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Spain
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
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Italian National Biodiversity Future Center