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Durabilidade superfícies absorsoras para coletores solares térmicos

Authors: Mendo, Sofia Gomes da Silva;

Durabilidade superfícies absorsoras para coletores solares térmicos

Abstract

Este trabalho consistiu no estudo de três superfícies absorsoras solares para coletores solares térmicos (filme seletivo, revestimento orgânico seletivo e revestimento orgânico não seletivo), com o objetivo de estudar o seu comportamento em diferentes ensaios de envelhecimento acelerado, com vista à sua qualificação em termos de durabilidade, de acordo com procedimentos estabelecidos pelo projeto norma prEN12975-3-1:2011. Inicialmente foi feita a caracterização dos revestimentos em termos das suas propriedades óticas (absortância solar e emissitância térmica), assim como a avaliação da espessura, da cor, do brilho e da aderência. Os revestimentos foram igualmente caracterizados através da microscopia eletrónica de varrimento com espectroscopia de dispersão de energias associada. De forma a estudar a durabilidade das superfícies absorsoras, procedeu-se à avaliação do desempenho e do comportamento das mesmas relativamente à temperatura, à humidade e temperatura com condensação e a contaminantes atmosféricos (cloreto de sódio e dióxido de enxofre), através da realização de ensaios de envelhecimento acelerado. Os dois primeiros ensaios foram realizados de acordo com os procedimentos estabelecidos no projeto norma. Os ensaios de resistência ao nevoeiro salino e ao dióxido de enxofre foram igualmente realizados segundo métodos normalizados. De acordo com o referido no projeto norma, todas as superfícies absorsoras ficaram qualificadas em termos de resistência à temperatura e à humidade e temperatura com condensação, garantindo assim uma durabilidade superior a 25 anos. No entanto, no caso do revestimento orgânico não seletivo, os resultados obtidos foram inconclusivos, sendo por isso necessário realizar novos estudos. Verificou-se que, após o estudo das superfícies absorsoras sujeitas aos ensaios de resistência ao nevoeiro salino e ao dióxido de enxofre, o filme seletivo foi o que sofreu maior corrosão e consequentemente uma maior degradação das propriedades óticas. O revestimento orgânico seletivo apresentou um desempenho ótico satisfatório relativamente aos requisitos estudados, assim como uma maior proteção anticorrosiva face a atmosferas com nevoeiro salino e com dióxido de enxofre. Este revestimento constitui uma alternativa muito promissora como superfície absorsora solar para coletores solares térmicos.

This work consisted of the study of three solar absorber surfaces to solar thermal collectors (selective film, selective organic coating and nonselective organic coating), with the aim of studying their behavior in accelerated life testing with the purpose to qualify them in the terms of durability according to the test methods established in the draft prEN 12975-3-1:2011. Initially, it was made the characterization of the coatings in terms of their optical properties (solar absorptance and thermal emittance), as well as the evaluating of the thickness, color, brightness and adhesion. The coatings were also characterized by scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy associated. In order to study the durability of the solar absorber surfaces, it was proceeded to their evaluating of the performance and the behavior in relation to temperature, temperature and humidity with condensation of water and atmospheric contaminants (sodium chloride and sulphur dioxide), by performing accelerated life tests. The first two tests were performed according to the procedures established in the draft standard. The tests for resistance to salt spray and sulphur dioxide were performed according to standard methods. According to the referred draft standard, all the absorber surfaces were qualified with the respect to its thermal stability and to its temperature and humidity with condensation, ensuring a durability exceeding 25 years. However, in the case of nonselective organic coating, the results were inconclusive, being therefore necessary to conduct further studies. It was found that after the study of the surfaces subjected to tests for resistance to salt spray and sulfur dioxide, the selective film suffered the greatest corrosion and therefore further degradation of optical properties. The optical performance of the selective organic coating was satisfactory regarding the requirements studied, as well as a greater anti-corrosive protection against atmospheres with salt spray and sulphur dioxide. This coating is a very promising alternative as solar absorber surface for solar thermal collectors.

Tese de mestrado em Química Tecnológica, apresentada à Universidade de Lisboa, através da Faculdade de Ciências, 2013

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Durabilidade, Teses de mestrado - 2013, Absortância solar, Emissitância térmica, Critério de desempenho ótico, Superfícies absorsoras solares

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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