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image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Universidade de Lisb...arrow_drop_down
image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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Intoxicação por anti-hipertensores na pediatria : série de casos

Authors: Mendes, Rute Margarida Nunes;

Intoxicação por anti-hipertensores na pediatria : série de casos

Abstract

As intoxicações medicamentosas têm vindo a aumentar a nivel mundial. Com a maior distribuição de fármacos, acresce também a maior disponibilidade destes, com risco elevado de uma criança ou adolescente os ingerir de forma voluntária ou acidental. Os anti-hipertensores podem diminuir a frequência cardíaca, o tónus vascular, a frequência respiratória, a temperatura e a atividade neuromuscular. Neste trabalho apresenta-se os casos de intoxicação por anti-hipertensores que necessitaram de admissão na Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos (UCIEP) do Hospital Prof. Doutor Fernando da Fonseca, EPE. Foram identificados 7 casos com mediana de idade de 16 anos, 4 do sexo feminino. A maioria dos casos foram intoxicações voluntárias (6), com via de exposição oral e o principal grupo de fármacos os Betabloqueantes (5). As complicações mais frequentemente observadas foram instabilidade hemodinâmica (7), lesão renal aguda (6), alteração do estado de consciência (4) e lesão hepática (2). O tratamento foi de suporte, com alguns mais especificos como naloxona, insulina em alta dose, glucagon e gluconato de cálcio. Para a idade pediátrica não existem guidelines definidas nos casos de intoxicação por bloqueadores dos canais de cálcio (BCC), betabloqueantes (BB), IECAs, Clonidina ou outros, pelo que as decisões são tomadas tendo como base orientações para a população adulta. Neste trabalho procurou-se fazer uma revisão da literatura da abordagem destas situações. Para a toxicidade por qualquer um destes fármacos é feito tratamento de suporte com fluidoterapia, vasopressores, atropina se houver bradicardia. Podem ainda utilizar-se tratamentos mais específicos dirigidos a cada fármaco, destacando-se a terapia de insulina em alta dose com boa resposta na intoxicação por BCC e BB e a naloxona na intoxicação por clonidina. Na intoxicação por IECA também poderá ser utilizada naloxona ou angiotensina II. Deste modo, fazemos também uma proposta de abordagem destas situações para facilitar as decisões terapêuticas.

Drug poisoning has been increasing worldwide because there is a greater distribution of drugs and thus greater availability, creating an increased risk of a child or an adolescent ingesting them either voluntarily or accidentally. Antihypertensives can decrease heart rate, vascular tone, respiratory rate, temperature, and neuromuscular activity. This paper presents the cases of antihypertensive intoxication that required admission to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (UCIEP) of Hospital Prof. Doutor Fernando da Fonseca, EPE. We identified 7 cases with a median age of 16 years, 4 females. Most cases were voluntary intoxications (6), with oral route of exposure and the main drug group were the Beta blockers (5). The most frequently observed complications were hemodynamic instability (7), acute kidney injury (6), altered mental status (4) and liver injury (2). Treatment was supportive, with some more specific ones such as naloxone, high dose insulin, glucagon, and calcium gluconate. For the pediatric age group there are no guidelines defined in cases of intoxication by calcium channel blockers (BCC), beta blockers (BB), ACE inhibitors, clonidine or others, therefore decisions are extrapolated from guidelines for the adult population. In this paper we have tried to conduct a literature review of the approach to these situations. For toxicity by any of these drugs, supportive treatment is given (fluid therapy, vasopressors, and atropine if bradycardia is present). If necessary, specific treatment directed to each drug can be administered, examples are: the high dose insulin therapy with good response in BCC and BB intoxication and naloxone in clonidine intoxication. In intoxication by ACEI, naloxone or angiotensin II can also be used. The author proposes a practical approach to these situations to facilitate therapeutic decisions.

Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2023

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Naloxona, Pediatria, Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Médicas, Insulina, Algoritmo, Intoxicação anti-hipertensores, Unidade de cuidados intensivos pediátricos

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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