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Síndrome Uveíte-Glaucoma-Hifema em contexto pós-cirúrgico de catarata : revisão literária e apresentação de um caso clínico

Authors: Avelar, João Pedro Rodrigues;

Síndrome Uveíte-Glaucoma-Hifema em contexto pós-cirúrgico de catarata : revisão literária e apresentação de um caso clínico

Abstract

Introdução: A síndrome Uveíte-Glaucoma-Hifema (UGH) em contexto pós-cirúrgico de um doente com catarata é uma complicação cirúrgica incomum, apresentando uma incidência de 0,4-1,2%, mas que se traduz potencialmente numa situação de elevada gravidade clínica. As manifestações oftalmológicas podem manifestar-se entre semanas a meses após a cirurgia, consistindo num aumento da PIO (glaucoma), inflamação da úvea (uveíte) e hemorragia na câmara anterior (hifema). Este trabalho tem como objetivo abordar esta síndrome, ilustrando-a com um caso clínico. Caso clínico: Descreve-se o caso clínico de uma mulher caucasiana de 60 anos, com diagnóstico prévio de glaucoma e antecedentes de iridotomia, que desenvolveu a síndrome UGH após uma cirurgia de catarata sem incidentes com uma LIO (lente intraocular) implantada no saco capsular. No seguimento pós-operatório desenvolveu aumento da pressão intraocular de difícil controlo médico, associado a inflamação persistente e sensação de visão turva. Após a observação cuidada por gonioscopia detetou-se presença de um háptico no sulco, sugerindo o fenómeno de chafing entre o háptico da LIO e a íris posterior como o desencadeante da síndrome UGH, tendo sido realizada cirurgia de reposicionamento da lente para resolução do caso. Discussão: Na abordagem da síndrome UGH o mais importante são os critérios de suspeição, o seu diagnóstico e a decisão terapêutica a optar. É indispensável a correta observação das estruturas do segmento anterior e verificar a LIO, uma vez que a deslocação de um háptico é um evento mais comum do que se antevê. A UBM é um exame quer permite confirmar o diagnóstico da síndrome UGH. Existem hipóteses alternativas menos invasivas e com menor risco cirúrgico comparativamente à abordagem cirúrgica padrão, podendo ser equacionadas se alto risco cirúrgico.

Introduction: Uveitis-glaucoma-hyphema (UGH) syndrome after cataract surgery is an uncommon complication, with an incidence of 0.4 - 1.2%, which constitutes a potentially high clinical risk situation. Ocular manifestations may occur weeks or even months after surgery, consisting of a detectable increase of intraocular pressure (IOP), uveal inflammation (uveitis), and anterior chamber hyphema. Case report: The case reported is of a 60 years old Caucasian woman who developed UGH syndrome after an uncomplicated cataract surgery with an IOL implanted in the capsular bag, who had previously been diagnosed with glaucoma and subjected to iridotomy. During postoperative follow-up, the patient developed an increase in IOP refractory to pharmacological therapy, associated with persistent inflammation and reports of blurry vision. After careful gonioscopy observation, a misplaced haptic was found on the sulcus, suggesting posterior iris chafing by the haptic portion of the posterior chamber lens implant as the causing factor to developing a UGH syndrome. A lens repositioning surgery was attempted to resolve the symptoms. Discussion: The clinical approach in a UGH syndrome includes suspicion criteria, diagnosis, and therapeutic decision. A correct observation of anterior segment structures is of the utmost importance, as well as confirmation of the IOL’s positioning since the dislodgement of the lens’s haptic always constitutes a possible event. Ultrabiomicroscopy (UBM) study allows for confirmation of the UGH syndrome diagnosis. Also, there are further alternatives to the standard surgical approach that are less invasive and therefore provide a lower risk, which may be equated if we are in presence of a high surgical risk.

Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2021

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Médicas, Síndrome Uveíte-Glaucoma-Hifema, Abordagem, Oftalmologia, Diagnóstico, Cirurgia da catarata

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
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