Powered by OpenAIRE graph
Found an issue? Give us feedback
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Universidade de Lisb...arrow_drop_down
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
addClaim

Acne: relação hospedeiro-patogeno

Authors: Santos, Marta Sofia Silva;

Acne: relação hospedeiro-patogeno

Abstract

A acne vulgar é uma doença inflamatória crónica cutânea, de etiologia multifatorial, que afeta a unidade pilossebácea. Tem uma elevada prevalência na adolescência, ainda que possa manter-se ou iniciar na idade adulta. Esta patologia manifesta-se essencialmente nas zonas onde a concentração de folículos pilossebáceos é grande como na face, pescoço, peito, ombros e dorso sob a forma de seborreia, lesões não inflamatórias ou comedões (abertos ou fechados) e lesões inflamatórias (pápulas, pústulas, nódulos e quistos). A pele, o maior órgão do corpo humano, tem um papel central na proteção contra agressores externos, na qual é essencial a presença de uma microbiota equilibrada. Deste conjunto de microrganismos faz parte o Cutibacterium acnes, espécie ocupante da unidade pilossebácea. Em condições de desequilíbrio, criados por fatores endógenos (genética, género, idade) ou exógenos (dieta, stress, tabagismo), pode atuar como patogeno e contribuir no desenvolvimento da acne. Adicionalmente à proliferação do C.acnes, três outros mecanismos estão envolvidos na origem das lesões da acne, a hiperseborreia, a hipequeratinização folicular e a inflamação. Vários mecanismos como a ativação de vários mediadores da imunidade inata, indução da libertação de citocinas pró-inflamatórias e o recrutamento de células inflamatórias ao local da lesão contribuem para o processo patológico. A abordagem terapêutica utilizada deve combinar várias estratégias com o objetivo de atuar nos diversos alvos que desencadeiam a acne de forma a maximizar a eficácia, prevenir a formação de cicatrizes e evitar recidivas. A terapia é escolhida tendo por base a gravidade, o modo de manifestação da acne, a área afetada e a existência ou não de resistência a um tratamento anterior. Para isso recorre-se a agentes tópicos, onde estão incluídos os retinoides, os antibióticos, o peróxido de benzoílo, o ácido salicílico e o ácido azelaico, e a agentes sistémicos, onde estão inseridos novamente os retinoides e os antibióticos e ainda a terapêutica hormonal, utilizada apenas nas mulheres. Em Portugal, existem algumas associações fixas de agentes tópicos disponíveis. A elevada prevalência e os problemas associados às terapêuticas atuais promovem uma constante procura de novas abordagens terapêuticas mais inovadoras e de melhor compreensão da acne.

Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with a multifactorial etiology which affects the pilosebaceous units. It has a high prevalence in puberty although it can persist or start in adulthood. This disease manifests itself in areas where the pilosebaceous units’ concentration is higher such as on the face, neck, chest, shoulders and back and it’s characterized by seborrhea, non-inflammatory lesions or comedones (open or closed) and inflammatory lesions (papules, pustules, nodules and cysts). The skin the largest organ in the human body, plays a central role in protecting against external aggressors, in which the presence of a balanced microbiota is essential. Cutibacterium acnes, a species occupying the pilosebaceous unit, is part of this group of microorganisms. In situations of disbiose originated by endogens factors (genetics, gender, age) or exogens (diet, stress, smoking) C.acnes can act as a pathogen and contributes for acne’s development. In addiction to the proliferation of C.acnes three other mechanisms are involved in the origin of acne lesions: hyperseborrhea, follicular hyperkeratinization and inflammation. Several mechanisms as activation of various mediators of innate immunity, induction the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and recruitment of inflammatory cells to the lesion site contribute to the pathologic process. The therapeutic approach used should combine several strategies in order to reach the various targets that trigger acne to maximize the effectiveness, prevent the formation of scars and prevent recurrences. Treatment is chosen based on severity, the mode of manifestation of acne, the affected area and the existence or not of resistance to previous treatment. To achieve that goal, topical agents are used, including retinoids, antibiotics, benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid and azelaic acid, and systemic agents, where retinoids and antibiotics are inserted again, as well as hormonal therapy, this one used only in women. In Portugal, there are some fixed associations of topical agents available. The high prevalence and the problems associated with current therapies promote a constant search for new and more innovative therapeutic approaches and a better understanding of acne.

Trabalho Final de Mestrado Integrado, Ciências Farmacêuticas, 2020, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia.

Com o patrocínio da Farmácia Nova Alverca.

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Ciências da Saúde, Tratamento, Mestrado integrado - 2020, Microbiota, Acne vulgar, Cutibacterium acnes, Fisiopatologia

  • BIP!
    Impact byBIP!
    selected citations
    These citations are derived from selected sources.
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    0
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Average
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
Powered by OpenAIRE graph
Found an issue? Give us feedback
selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green