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Infeções por fungos filamentosos no doente imunocomprometido

Authors: Vieira, Ana Rita Pereira Almeida;

Infeções por fungos filamentosos no doente imunocomprometido

Abstract

Os fungos são organismos ubíquos encontrados dispersos pelo meio ambiente, na atmosfera, plantas, solo e água. Existem milhões de espécies de fungos, mas apenas alguns foram descritos como agentes patogénicos para o ser humano. Neste trabalho final de mestrado (TFM) será abordado um grupo de fungos patogénicos de relevância crescente: os fungos filamentosos, etiologia confirmada/provável de numerosos casos de infeção fúngica invasiva (IFI). Esta pode ocorrer tanto em doentes imunocompetentes como imunocomprometidos, contudo é no segundo grupo que se torna mais relevante e prevalente. Os doentes imunocomprometidos são descritos como um dos principais grupos de risco para este tipo de infeções, em especial doentes com patologia hematológica, oncológica, transplantados e sob terapêuticas imunossupressoras. Assim, este trabalho visa estudar a população de doentes do Centro Hospitalar e Universitário Lisboa Norte (CHULN) com diagnóstico de infeções por fungos filamentosos entre janeiro de 2010 e novembro de 2020. Paralelamente, pretende-se também rever os aspetos mais relevantes relativos a este tipo de infeções e em particular para as estirpes mais prevalentes. Apesar do desenvolvimento recente de novas opções terapêuticas, a doença fúngica invasiva (DFI) mantém-se preocupação premente devido à morbidade e mortalidade que acarreta nessas subpopulações de doentes. Além disso, o uso crescente de novos fármacos moduladores do sistema imunitário na terapêutica oncológica contribuiu para definir um novo espectro de doentes de risco.

Fungi are ubiquitous organisms found dispersed in the environment, in the atmosphere, plants, soil and water. There are millions of species of fungi, but only a few have been described as pathogens for humans. In this master’s thesis a group of pathogenic fungi of increasing relevance will be approached: filamentous fungi, confirmed/probable etiology of numerous cases of invasive fungal infection (IFI). This can occur in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients; however, it is in the second group that it becomes more relevant and prevalent. Immunocompromised patients are described as one of the main risk groups for this type of infections, especially patients with hematological and solid organ malignancies, transplant recipients and patients under immunosuppressive therapies. Thus, this work aims to study the patient population of Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte (CHULN) diagnosed with filamentous fungus infections between January 2010 and November 2020. In parallel, it is also intended to review the most relevant aspects related to this type of infections and in particular for the most prevalent strains. Despite the recent development of new therapeutic options, invasive fungal disease (DFI) remains a pressing concern due to the morbidity and mortality it causes in these subpopulations of patients. In addition, the increasing use of new immune-modulating drugs in cancer therapy has contributed to defining a new spectrum of at-risk patients.

Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2021

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Médicas, Imunomodulação, Transplantação, Doença fúngica invasiva, Neoplasias, Imunossupressão, Fungos filamentosos, Imunodeficiências

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green
Related to Research communities
Cancer Research