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Unidades de neonatologia e surdez

Authors: Pires, Jorge Alexandre Esteves;

Unidades de neonatologia e surdez

Abstract

A surdez congénita é o défice sensitivo mais comum no âmbito da Neonatologia. Afeta entre 1 a 3 recém-nascidos em cada 1000 sem fatores de risco e entre 20 a 40 recém-nascidos por cada 1000 com fatores de risco. Se não for precocemente diagnosticada e tratada provoca alterações ao nível da linguagem, performance escolar e desenvolvimento social. Sendo assim, é de extrema importância a implementação de sistemas que permitam a sua deteção precoce. O rastreio neonatal universal tem como objetivo fazer o rastreio auditivo, através das otoemissões acústicas e/ou potenciais evocados, que avaliam a audição de forma objetiva. Existem diversas causas conhecidas de surdez, cerca de 50% das causas de surdez pre-lingual devem-se a fatores genéticos, 25% a adquiridos e os restantes 25% são de causa idiopática. Existem diversos fatores de risco associados a défices auditivos que nos permitem alertar em relação a diversos doentes com potencial de risco aumentado para surdez. Estas medidas têm como objetivo o estabelecimento de um desenvolvimento dito normal, tentando minimizar as sequelas na linguagem, compreensão e também sociais que estes défices podem causar. Nesse sentido temos diversas medidas terapêuticas que envolvem dispositivos de amplificação bem como equipas de apoio especializadas.

Congenital deafness is the most common sensory deficit in Neonatology. It affects between 1 and 3 newborns per 1000 without risk factors and between 20 and 40 newborns per 1000 with risk factors. If not diagnosed and treated early, it causes changes in terms of language, school performance and social development. Therefore, the implementation of systems that allow their early detection is extremely important. Universal neonatal screening aims to do auditory screening, through acoustic otoemissions and / or evoked potentials, which assess hearing objectively. There are several known causes of deafness, 50% of which are attributed to genetic factors, 25% to acquired ones and the remaining 25% are of idiopathic cause.There are several risk factors associated with hearing loss that allow us to warn about several patients with an increased risk of deafness. These measures aim to establish a so-called normal development, trying to minimize the sequelae in language, comprehension and also social that these deficits can cause, for this we have several therapeutic measures involving amplification devices as well as specialized support teams.

Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2020

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Surdez neurossensorial, Otorrinolaringologia, Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Médicas, Rastreio auditivo, Dispositivos de auditivos, Surdez de condução

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green