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image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Universidade de Lisb...arrow_drop_down
image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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Tirosinase: uma enzima para múltiplas abordagens

Authors: Monge, Ana Catarina;

Tirosinase: uma enzima para múltiplas abordagens

Abstract

The tyrosinase (monophenol monooxigenase, EC 1.14.18.1 ) is the enzyme that catalyzes the hydroxylation of monophenols and diphenols to the corresponding o-quinones. Structurally, the enzyme is constituted by two atoms of copper in the active site, and each one of them is bind to three molecules of histidine. The mechanism of action of tyrosinase is described by means of two interconnected catalytic cycles, as the enzyme is involved in the hydroxylation of monophenols to o-diphenols or oxidation of diphenols to the reactive o-quinones, being these the monophenolase and diphenolase cycles, respectively. Tyrosinase is involved in processes such as the production of melanin and the post-harvest browning of plants. Once involved in the production of melanin, tyrosinase is associated with various conditions such as melanoma, vitiligo and albinism, and its inhibition and/or activation may be the solution for these diseases. Due to its involvement in post-harvest browning, tyrosinase presents itself as an enzyme of interest for the food industry, since its inhibition can increase the shelf life of these foods. In addition, the enzyme is still studied by industry to be used in the production of antioxidants and drugs, in the production of biopolymers, in treatment of samples containing phenols and toxic pollutants and in the production of biosensors. These biosenssores are based on the inhibition of tyrosinase in the presence of a mono- or diphenolic substrate for determination of compounds that can go from pesticides to the phenols of tea.

A tirosinase (monofenol monooxigenase, EC 1.14.18.1) é a enzima que catalisa a hidroxilação de monofenóis e de difenóis a o-quinonas. Estruturalmente, a enzima é constituída por dois átomos de cobre no sítio ativo, estando cada um deles ligado a três histidinas. O mecanismo de ação da tirosinase é descrito através de dois ciclos catalíticos interligados, conforme o envolvimento da enzima na hidroxilação de monofenóis a o-difenóis ou na oxidação de o-difenóis a o-quinonas reativas, sendo estes ciclos o ciclo da monofenolase e o ciclo da difenolase, respetivamente. A tirosinase está envolvida em processos como a produção de melanina e o escurecimento das plantas após colheita. Uma vez envolvida na produção de melanina, a enzima encontra-se associada a várias condições tais como melanoma, vitiligo e albinismo, podendo a sua inibição e/ou ativação ser a solução para estas doenças. Devido ao seu envolvimento no escurecimento das plantas após colheita, a tirosinase apresenta-se como uma enzima de interesse para a indústria alimentar, uma vez que a sua inibição pode aumentar a vida-útil destes alimentos. Além destas duas aplicações, a enzima é ainda estudada pela indústria para ser utilizada na produção de antioxidantes e fármacos, na formação de biopolímeros, no tratamento de resíduos contendo fenóis tóxicos e poluentes e na produção de biossensores. Estes biosenssores baseiam-se na inibição da tirosinase na presença de um substrato mono ou difenólico para a determinação de compostos que podem ir de pesticidas a fenóis do chá.

Trabalho Final de Mestrado Integrado, Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia, 2015

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Melanina, Biosenssores, Monofenolase, Difenolase, Mecanismo ação tirosinase, Escurecimento enzimático, Inibidores da tirosinase, Indústria, Tirosinase, Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Médicas::Ciências da Saúde, Mestrado Integrado - 2015

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
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