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Responsabilidade civil médica por violação do consentimento informado

Authors: Lourenço, Patrícia Vanessa Cruz;

Responsabilidade civil médica por violação do consentimento informado

Abstract

No nosso ordenamento jurídico são cada vez mais frequentes as ações judiciais de responsabilidade médica, sendo que os seus principais fundamentos estão relacionados com a violação do direito ao consentimento informado, que se reconheceu ao paciente, e com a violação do dever de informação e do dever de esclarecimento, que se impôs ao médico. O consentimento informado tende a ser entendido como um requisito de toda e qualquer atividade médica, que visa garantir o respeito por um conjunto de bens jurídicos protegidos aos mais diversos níveis, refiro-me a bens jurídicos como a autodeterminação, a liberdade, a integridade psíquica e física. Pelo que, é o consentimento informado entendido como um instrumento através do qual o paciente depois de ter sido informado acerca do seu quadro clínico e do tratamento ou intervenção médica necessária, dos seus possíveis riscos, possíveis benefícios e possíveis efeitos secundários, aceita ou não se submeter a determinado tratamento ou intervenção médica. Portanto, dúvidas não restam de que associado ao consentimento se encontra a questão da informação, não fosse a sua designação “consentimento informado”, encontra-se, assim, o médico vinculado a uma avaliação do nível de compreensão do paciente, isto é, o médico tem de aferir se o paciente compreendeu totalmente a informação que lhe foi transmitida. Ainda associado ao consentimento informado, encontram-se outros pontos prévios a analisar aqui, referimo-nos a outros requisitos de validade do consentimento informado, nomeadamente, à capacidade para consentir, à questão da atualidade do consentimento e às situações de exceção relativamente à necessidade de obtenção do consentimento informado, nomeadamente situações de privilégio terapêutico e de emergência médica e casos de prévia autorização legal. Assim, constituindo fundamentos da ação judicial de responsabilidade civil médica a violação do dever de obtenção do consentimento do paciente e a violação do dever de informação e de esclarecimento, propomo-nos a analisar de forma esmiuçada a responsabilidade médica nas situações de violação do consentimento informado.

In our legal system, legal claims regarding medical liability are increasingly common. The main legal basis of these medical responsibility lawsuits is related to violation of informed consent right that was recognized to the patient as well as the violation of the duty to inform and to clarify which is imposed on the physician. Informed consent is usually understood as a requirement for every medical activity and it aims to ensure the respect for a set of legal rights which are protected in very different levels, such as self-determination, freedom and mental and physical integrity. Therefore, informed consent is regarded as an instrument through which the patient, after being informed about his clinical condition, the necessary medical treatment or intervention and its possible risks, its possible benefits and its possible side effects, accepts or not a specific medical treatment or medical intervention. As a result, and considering the designation of informed consent itself, there is no doubt that connected to the consent is the information issue which binds the physician to an assessment of the understanding level of the patient. In other words, the physician must gauge whether or not the patient has completely understood the information given. Tied to the concept of informed consent there are other topics that must be taken into consideration such as other validity requirements of the informed consent, which include, the ability to consent, the current issue and situations of exception to the need of obtain the informed consent, namely, therapeutic privilege and emergency situations and legal authorizations cases. Thus, and considering that the violation of the duty to obtain consent from the patient and the violation of the duty to inform and to clarify constitute legal grounds for medical responsibility actions, we propose to analyze medical responsibility in situations of informed consent violations.

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Responsabilidade civil médica, Direito civil, Consentimento informado, Teses de mestrado - 2020, Dever de esclarecimento médico, Dever de informação

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green