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O microbioma na doença inflamatória intestinal

Authors: Rosa, Patrícia Alexandra Roque;

O microbioma na doença inflamatória intestinal

Abstract

O microbioma intestinal é composto, predominantemente, por 6 filos: Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Fusobacteria e Verrucomicrobia. É responsável por variadas funções intestinais e extraintestinais. Alguns fatores, internos e externos, podem alterar, prejudicialmente, a sua composição e as suas funções levando ao desequilíbrio da homeostasia do intestino, necessária para a saúde do ser humano. Este desequilíbrio pode desencadear e/ou perpetuar o aparecimento de patologias, entre as quais a Colite Ulcerosa e a Doença de Crohn. As alterações do microbioma intestinal nestas doenças são várias, incluindo a diminuição de bactérias com propriedades benéficas e o aumento de bactérias com propriedades prejudiciais ao ser humano. Todavia, não existem evidências suficientes que comprovem que estas alterações sejam a causa ou a consequência do mecanismo patogénico. Também a terapêutica farmacológica das Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais pode alterar a composição do microbioma intestinal e, por sua vez, este pode influenciar os resultados terapêuticos. De forma a tirar o máximo proveito do conhecimento sobre o microbioma intestinal, diferentes abordagens terapêuticas, utilizando o microbioma intestinal como alvo, foram desenvolvidas e estão a ser melhoradas.

The intestinal microbiome is predominantly composed of 6 phyla: Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Fusobacteria and Verrucomicrobia. It is responsible for various intestinal and extraintestinal functions. Some factors, both internal and external, can detrimentally alter its composition and functions, leading to the imbalance of intestinal homeostasis necessary for human health. This imbalance can trigger and/or perpetuate the onset of pathologies, including Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease. Changes in the intestinal microbiome in these diseases are many, including the decrease in bacteria with beneficial properties and the increase in bacteria with properties harmful to humans. However, there is insufficient evidence to prove that these changes are the cause or consequence of the pathogenic mechanism. Also the pharmacological therapy of inflammatory bowel diseases may alter the composition of the intestinal microbiome and, in turn, it may influence the therapeutic results. In order to make the most of the knowledge about the intestinal microbiome, different therapeutic approaches using the intestinal microbiome as a target have been developed and are being improved.

Trabalho Final de Mestrado Integrado, Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia, 2019

Hospital Fernando Fonseca, Farmácia Medeiros

Country
Portugal
Keywords

Ciências da Saúde, Colite ulcerosa, Mestrado Integrado - 2019, Doença de Crohn, Microbioma intestinal, Doenças inflamatórias intestinais

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green