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Dispositivos médicos e medicina personalizada

Authors: Gomes, Cristina Pereira;

Dispositivos médicos e medicina personalizada

Abstract

Nos últimos anos, a área dos dispositivos médicos e da medicina personalizada tem atraído a atenção da comunidade científica em diversas áreas. Os dispositivos médicos são importantes produtos de saúde que estão abrangem uma enorme variedade e que estão presentes ao longo de toda a vida. Estes têm capacidade para contribuir para várias funções no diagnóstico, no tratamento e na prevenção de diversas patologias. A inovação no setor é uma realidade contribuindo para melhores cuidados de saúde. Graças ao aumento do conhecimento do genoma humano tem havido um crescente interesse pela personalização dos cuidados de saúde e pela estratificação dos indivíduos de acordo com características genéticas e biomarcadores, através da utilização de companion diagnostic tests (dispositivos médicos in vitro) para seleção da terapêutica. A medicina personalizada vem também aplicar a tecnologia de impressão tridimensional (3D) na personalização de dispositivos médicos que irão mudar a qualidade de vida dos doentes. Esta tecnologia, representada através de diversas técnicas de impressão 3D, permitiu uma mudança no paradigma da projeção e do fabrico de produtos personalizados de acordo com as necessidades individuais, nomeadamente na produção de próteses personalizadas. A impressão 3D é uma tecnologia que pode ser aplicada em diversas áreas, incluindo a Medicina. Vários materiais e equipamentos podem ser utilizados, o que demonstra a versatilidade desta tecnologia. Existem várias técnicas de impressão 3D, nomeadamente: sinterização seletiva a laser, impressão térmica a jato de tinta e modelagem de deposição fundida, sendo estas as mais utilizadas nas áreas da medicina e farmacêutica. Adicionalmente, este trabalho apresenta algumas considerações futuras, uma vez que tanto o conceito de medicina personalizada como o uso da tecnologia de impressão 3D são temas recentes e que têm muitos desafios a ultrapassar para serem postos em prática.

In recent years, medical devices and personalized medicine haves attracted the attention of the scientific community in various disciplines. Medical devices are importante healthcare products that are available in huge variety and are present during human lifetime. Medical devices have the ability to contribute to the diagnosis, treatment and also prevention of several pathologies. Innovation in the field is increasing the quality of healthcare management. Thanks to the increased knowledge of the human genome, there has been increasing interest in the personalization of health care and the stratification of individuals according to genetic characteristics and biomarkers through the use of companion diagnostic tests (in vitro medical devices) for therapy selection. Personalized medicine also applies three-dimensional (3D) printing technology to customize medical devices that will change patients' quality of life. This technology, represented throught various 3D printing techniques, allowed a change in the paradigm of projection and manufacture of customized products according to individual needs, namely in the production of custom prostheses. Tridimensional priting is a technology that can be applied in different areas, including Medicine. Several materials and equipments may be used, which shows the versatility of this technology. There are several 3D printing techniques, such as: selective laser sintering, thermal inkjet printing and fused deposition modeling, which are the most used in the fields of medicine and pharmaceutics. In addition, this dissertation presents some future considerations, since both the concept of personalized medicine and the use of 3D printing technology are recent topics facing many challenges.

Trabalho Final de Mestrado Integrado, Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia, 2019

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Ciências da Saúde, Dispositivo médico, Mestrado Integrado - 2019, Próteses personalizadas, Impressão 3D, Self care medical device, Medicina personalizada

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green