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Presbiacusia e o impacto na vida dos doentes

Authors: Bragança, Maria Luís Leite da Costa e Almeida de;

Presbiacusia e o impacto na vida dos doentes

Abstract

A presbiacusia é uma doença que se caracteriza por uma perda auditiva progressiva, bilateral e simétrica, que surge com o envelhecimento (habitualmente a partir da 5ª década de vida), e que resulta de uma combinação multifatorial. Como consequência, esta entidade está associada primariamente a uma dificuldade na discriminação do discurso. De facto, a primeira queixa do doente não é não ouvir, mas sim, não entender o que está a ser dito. No entanto, este não é o único problema. Na verdade, esta perda auditiva relaciona-se com diversas vertentes da vida do doente, nomeadamente, a nível cognitivo, social, bem-estar físico e psicológico, que influenciam a qualidade de vida. Efetivamente, esta doença tem consequências a diversos níveis. A nível emocional, os doentes acabam por se sentir isolados, solitários, dependentes, inseguros, deprimidos, ansiosos, stressados, frustrados, com vergonha e até com sentimentos de inferioridade. A nível comportamental, por não conseguirem estabelecer relações, os doentes evitam as pessoas e as atividades que faziam antigamente, para não serem confrontados com as suas limitações. A nível cognitivo, está também demonstrado nos doentes, confusão, dificuldade na concentração, défices cognitivos e até demência. No entanto, apesar da extrema importância que a presbiacusia tem, especialmente a nível do elevado índice de morbilidade, ainda existem poucos estudos sobre esta entidade. Em Portugal, ainda não existe nenhuma “guideline” acerca da detecção, prevenção ou tratamento da presbiacusia. Assim, torna-se imperativo que os profissionais de saúde e as próprias instituições se interessem e desenvolvam esta problemática.

Presbycusis is a disease characterized by progressive, bilateral and symmetrical hearing loss in the elderly (usually from the 5th decade of life), resulting from a multifactorial combination. As a consequence, this entity is primarily associated with a difficulty in speech discrimination. In fact, the patient's first complaint is not, not listening, but rather, not understanding what is being said. However, that is not the only problem. Actually, this hearing loss is related to several aspects of the patient's life, namely, cognitive, social, physical and psychological well being, that influence the quality of life. Effectively, this disease has consequences at several levels. On an emotional level, patients end up feeling isolated, lonely, dependent, insecure, depressed, anxious, stressed, frustrated, embarrassed and even feeling inferior. At the behavioral level, as a result of not being able to establish relationships, patients avoid people and activities they did in the past, so as not to be confronted with their limitations. At the cognitive level, it is also demonstrated in patients, confusion, difficulty in concentrating, cognitive deficits and even dementia. However, despite the extreme importance of presbycusis, especially in terms of the high morbidity rate, there are still few studies on this entity. In Portugal, there is still no guideline on the detection, prevention or treatment of presbycusis. Thus, it is imperative that health professionals and the institutions themselves become interested and develop this problem.

Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2019

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Otorrinolaringologia, Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Médicas, Idoso, Comportamento, Emocão, Presbiacusia, Cognição

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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