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image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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Diffusion-Weighted Imaging in Breast Magnetic Resonance

Authors: Borlinhas, Filipa;

Diffusion-Weighted Imaging in Breast Magnetic Resonance

Abstract

O cancro da mama é o cancro com maior incidência, prevalência e mortalidade que afecta as mulheres no mundo. Diferentes métodos estão a ser explorados para melhorar a capacidade diagnóstica da Ressonância Magnética (RM) nesta doença, nomeadamente através da imagem ponderada em difusão (DWI) e os seus modelos. Os modelos de difusão estudados nesta tese foram: monoexponencial, movimento incoerente intravoxel (IVIM), imagem por curtose de difusão (DKI), IVIM+DKI, exponencial “esticada”, truncado ou estatístico, e distribuição gama (GD). Este trabalho teve como objectivo caracterizar grupos de lesões mamárias, estabelecer diferenças entre estes grupos utilizando os modelos de difusão, e comparar os modelos considerando o seu desempenho no diagnóstico. Além disso, um dos estudos teve como objectivo a avaliação da combinação óptima de valores de b, para o modelo DKI, na prática clínica. As mulheres com lesões mamárias foram submetidas a um exame por RM, com inclusão de uma sequência ponderada em difusão. As lesões foram classificadas em diferentes tipos e subgrupos através da histologia, e obteve-se os parâmetros dos modelos de difusão. Uma análise estatística permitiu investigar as diferenças entre parâmetros e respectivos desempenhos diagnósticos. Para a combinação de valores de b óptima do modelo DKI, os valores b disponíveis foram exaustivamente combinados e testados considerando o seu desempenho diagnóstico. Alguns princípios foram descritos e devem ser considerados, de forma a minimizar os problemas de padronização da DWI. Os modelos da GD e estatístico foram aplicados às lesões mamárias pela primeira vez nesta tese, mostrando a sua capacidade de caracterizar e diferenciar significativamente grupos de lesões. Seja com modelos de difusão gaussiana ou não gaussiana, os resultados mostraram o potencial de caracterizar e diferenciar lesões mamárias de forma robusta utilizando a DWI. Adicionalmente, foi demonstrado que os modelos de difusão não gaussianos podem superar o desempenho do modelo monoexponencial. Esta tese propõe a utilização da DWI para melhorar o papel da RM no diagnóstico do cancro de mama.

Breast cancer is the most frequent, prevalent and mortal cancer affecting women. An earlier and more accurate diagnosis may change this scenario. Different methods are being explored to improve MRI diagnosis of this disease, namely through Diffusion-Weighted Imaging (DWI) and its different diffusion models. The diffusion models studied in this thesis were: the monoexponential, IntraVoxel Incoherent Motion (IVIM), Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging (DKI), IVIM+DKI, stretched exponential, truncated or statistical, and Gamma Distribution (GD). This work aimed to characterize different groups of breast lesions, establish differences among these groups using diffusion models, and compare their diagnostic performances. Additionally, this thesis aimed to study the optimal b-value combination in the DKI model for usage in clinical practice. Women with breast lesions were scanned with MRI and an additional diffusion-weighted sequence was acquired. Lesions were classified in types and subgroups through histology, and the corresponding diffusion models parameters were obtained. Statistical analysis investigated the differences of these parameters and their diagnostic performances were assessed. For the study of optimal b-value combination, the available b-values were exhaustively combined and tested in terms of diagnostic performance for the DKI model. In this optimization study, some principles were depicted and should be considered in DKI studies to minimize the DWI standardization issues. The GD and the statistical model were applied to breast lesions for the first time in this thesis, showing the capability to characterize and to significantly differentiate groups of lesions. The results showed that it is possible to characterize breast lesions using DWI in a robust way, with Gaussian and non-Gaussian diffusion models. These diffusion models also provided differentiation among different groups of lesions. Some non-Gaussian diffusion models surpassed the performance of the monoexponential model for breast cancer diagnosis. This work strongly supports the DWI use to improve the MRI role in breast cancer diagnosis.

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Diffusion-Weighted Imaging (DWI), diffusion models, Ressonância Magnética (RM), Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Naturais::Ciências Biológicas, Lesões mamárias, imagem ponderada em difusão (DWI), b-values, Breast lesions, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), valores de b., modelos de difusão

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Related to Research communities
Cancer Research
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