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Temperamento afetivo na adição

Authors: Rodrigues, Catarina Amorim, 1994-;

Temperamento afetivo na adição

Abstract

O afeto parece desempenhar um papel relevante em comportamentos motivados, na impulsividade e na tomada de decisão. Na adição, o sofrimento emocional, bem como a expectativa de modificações afetivas positivas associam-se ao uso de substâncias e recaída. Os temperamentos afetivos têm fornecido informações sobre os traços individuais relacionados às tendências para o uso de drogas, possuindo também relevância na compreensão e tratamento das adições. Este estudo objetiva examinar a relevância das medidas de temperamento afetivo nos heroinómanos. Comparou-se 38 toxicodependentes estabilizados com metadona e buprenorfina da Unidade de Dependências do Hospital de Santa Maria em Lisboa, em relação aos temperamentos afetivos, de acordo com Akiskal, com 38 controlos saudáveis, emparelhados por condições sociodemográficas. Os toxicodependentes foram ainda analisados correlacionando os seus níveis de temperamento à sua evolução clínica. Utilizou-se o questionário TEMPS-A para avaliar o temperamento. A evolução clínica foi avaliada usando um formulário que caraterizava o paciente face ao seu curso clínico nos últimos 6 meses. Os resultados revelaram que os toxicodependentes apresentam médias significativamente superiores aos controlo, no temperamento depressivo, ciclotímico e ansioso. No temperamento hipertímico, os controlo apresentam médias significativamente superiores aos doentes. Não se observam diferenças significativas de médias entre os grupos, no temperamento irritável. Na comparação entre heroinómanos, os indivíduos com evolução clínica menos boa, apresentam uma média significativamente superior aos doentes com evolução clínica boa, no temperamento hipertímico. Os doentes com evolução clínica boa, apresentam uma média significativamente superior aos com evolução clínica menos boa, no temperamento ansioso. Não se obtiveram resultados significativos relativamente aos restantes temperamentos. Concluindo, caraterísticas de temperamento ciclotímico principalmente, e também as características depressivas, ansiosas e hipertímicas, podem distinguir heroinómanos e controlos neste estudo. Quanto à relação entre os temperamentos afetivos e a evolução clínica dos heroinómanos, conclui-se que uma boa evolução clínica foi associada a níveis de temperamento hipertímico baixos e níveis ansiosos mais elevados.

Affection seems to play a relevant role in motivated behaviors, impulsiveness, and decision making. Emotional distress as well as the expectation of positive affective changes are also associated with substance use and relapse. Affective temperaments have provided information on individual traits related to drug use, and also have relevance in understanding and treating addictions. This study aims to examine the relevance of affective temperament in heroin addicts. A total of 38 drug addicts stabilized with methadone and buprenorphine from the Dependency Unit of the Santa Maria Hospital in Lisbon were compared to affective temperaments, according to Akiskal, with 38 healthy controls matched by sociodemographic conditions. Drug addicts were further analyzed by correlating their temperament levels with their clinical evolution. The TEMPS-A questionnaire was used to evaluate temperament. The clinical course was evaluated using a form that characterized the patient in relation to his clinical course in the last 6 months. The results showed that drug addicts presented averages significantly higher than controls, in the depressive, cyclothymic and anxious temperament. In the hyperthymic temperament, the controls presented averages significantly higher than the patients. There were no significant differences in means between the groups in the irritable temperament. In comparison between heroin users, individuals with a poor clinical course have a significantly higher mean in patients with a good clinical course, in the hyperthymic temperament. Patients with a good clinical course have a significantly higher mean than those with a poorer clinical outcome in anxious temperament. No significant results were obtained with respect to the other temperaments. In conclusion, characteristics of cyclothymic temperament mainly, and also the depressive, anxious and hyperthymic characteristics, can distinguish heroin addicts and controls in this study. Regarding the relationship between affective temperaments and the clinical evolution of heroin addicts, it was concluded that a good clinical evolution was associated with low hyperthymic temperament levels and higher anxiety levels.

Tese de mestrado, Psicopatologia, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina, 2019

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Adição, Ciclotimia, Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Médicas, Heroinómanos, Teses de mestrado - 2019, Temperamento afetivo, Evolução clínica

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
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