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Estudo da variabilidade nos genes envolvidos nos mecanismos de stresse oxidante ligados à perda auditiva em São Tomé e Príncipe e comparação com a sua distribuição na população portuguesa

Authors: Carvalho, Andreia Sofia Reis;

Estudo da variabilidade nos genes envolvidos nos mecanismos de stresse oxidante ligados à perda auditiva em São Tomé e Príncipe e comparação com a sua distribuição na população portuguesa

Abstract

A audição é o sentido responsável pela captação, condução e codificação das ondas sonoras em impulsos nervosos. A perda auditiva (PA) condiciona a integração dos indivíduos na sociedade. O presente trabalho teve como principal objetivo o estudo da variabilidade em genes envolvidos em mecanismos de stresse oxidante e a sua associação com a PA em São Tomé e Príncipe (STP). Os genes em estudo foram MTHFR, CβS, GST (GSM1 e GSTT1) e NOS3. Para a deteção dos polimorfismos 844ins68 pb do gene CβS, M1*0 e T1*0 dos genes GST e do VNTR no intrão 4 do gene NOS3 foi usada a técnica PCR. Para a deteção do polimorfismo C677T do gene MTHFR foi usada a técnica do RFLP. Os dados estatísticos foram realizados no programa estatístico SPSS, sendo o nível de significância estatístico estabelecido para p <0,05. Numa primeira fase foi realizado um estudo populacional, entre as populações portuguesa e a de STP, a fim de perceber se diferentes contextos genómicos no que diz respeito ao stresse oxidante poderiam justificar as elevadas taxas de PA em STP. Os resultados da análise populacional mostraram diferenças estatisticamente significativas na distribuição dos genótipos e dos alelos para todos os genes, verificando-se em maioria uma maior frequência dos alelos e genótipos, associados ao stresse oxidante em STP. Contudo, os estudos de associação com a PA na população de STP não mostrou diferenças estatísticas, com exceção do alelo ins do gene CβS que se revelou protetor em relação à doença. Os estudos de epistasia mostraram ainda uma associação entre a combinação de genótipos 4b4b do gene eNOS e CC do gene MTHFR com a PA. Conclui-se que, apesar da maior incidência das variantes polimórficas em STP, relativamente à população portuguesa, esta parece não justificar a grande prevalência de PA na população africana.

Hearing is the sense responsible for capturing, conducting and encoding sound waves in nerve impulses. Hearing loss (HL) has consequences in the integration of individuals into society. The present work had as main objective the study of the genetic variability in genes involved in mechanisms of oxidative stress and its association with HL in São Tomé and Príncipe (STP). The genes under study were MTHFR, CβS, GST (GSM1 and GSTT1) and NOS3. PCR was used for the analysis of the polymorphisms: 844ins68 bp in CβS, M1 * 0 and T1 * 0 of GST and VNTR in intron 4 of the NOS3 gene. For the C677T polymorphism of the MTHFR gene, the RFLP technique was used. Statistical analyses were performed in the SPSS statistical program, and the level of statistical significance was established as p <0.05. In a first phase of this work, a population study was carried out, between the Portuguese and the STP populations, in order to understand if different genomic contexts with respect to the oxidative stress could justify the high HL levels in STP. The results of the population analysis showed statistically significant differences in the distribution of genotypes and alleles for all genes, with a higher frequency of alleles and genotypes associated with oxidative stress in STP. However, the association studies with HL in the STP population did not reveal statistical differences, except for the ins allele of the CβS gene that was protective against the disease. Epistasis studies also showed an association between the combination of 4b4b genotypes of the eNOS gene and CC of the MTHFR gene with HL. It is concluded that, despite the higher incidence of polymorphic variants in STP, relative to the Portuguese population, this does not seem to justify the high prevalence of HL in the African population.

Tese de mestrado, Biologia Molecular e Genética, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, 2019

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Naturais::Ciências Biológicas, Stresse Oxidante, São Tomé e Príncipe, Perda Auditiva, Estudos Populacionais, Estudos de Associação, Teses de mestrado - 2019

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
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